A comparison of reactive strength index-modified between six U.S. Collegiate athletic teams.

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in reactive strength index-modified (RSImod), jump height (JH), and time to takeoff (TTT) between 6 U.S. collegiate sport teams. One hundred six male and female Division I collegiate athletes performed unloaded (<1 kg) and loaded (20 kg) countermovement jumps as part of an ongoing athlete monitoring program. Reactive strength index-modified, JH, and TTT values for each team were compared using 1-way analysis of variance. Statistically significant differences in RSImod (p < 0.001), JH (p < 0.001), and TTT (p = 0.003) existed between teams during the unloaded jumping condition. Similarly, statistically significant differences in RSImod (p < 0.001), JH (p < 0.001), and TTT (p = 0.028) existed between teams during the loaded jumping condition. Men's soccer and baseball produced the greatest RSImod values during both the unloaded and loaded jumping conditions followed by women's volleyball, men's tennis, women's soccer, and women's tennis. The greatest JH during unloaded and loaded jumping conditions was produced by men's baseball followed by men's soccer, women's volleyball, men's tennis, women's soccer, and women's tennis. Men's soccer produced shorter TTT compared with men's baseball (12.7%) and women's soccer (13.3%) during the unloaded and loaded jumping conditions, respectively. Collegiate sport teams exhibit varying reactive strength characteristics during unloaded and loaded jumping conditions. Understanding the differences in RSImod between sports may help direct the creation of training and monitoring programs more effectively for various sports.

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Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players.

U Wisloff (2004)

A high level of strength is inherent in elite soccer play, but the relation between maximal strength and sprint and jumping performance has not been studied thoroughly. To determine whether maximal strength correlates with sprint and vertical jump height in elite male soccer players. Seventeen international male soccer players (mean (SD) age 25.8 (2.9) years, height 177.3 (4.1) cm, weight 76.5 (7.6) kg, and maximal oxygen uptake 65.7 (4.3) ml/kg/min) were tested for maximal strength in half squats and sprinting ability (0-30 m and 10 m shuttle run sprint) and vertical jumping height. There was a strong correlation between maximal strength in half squats and sprint performance and jumping height. Maximal strength in half squats determines sprint performance and jumping height in high level soccer players. High squat strength did not imply reduced maximal oxygen consumption. Elite soccer players should focus on maximal strength training, with emphasis on maximal mobilisation of concentric movements, which may improve their sprinting and jumping performance.

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Anthropometric and fitness characteristics of international, professional and amateur male graduate soccer players from an elite youth academy.

Frances M. Williams, Thomas Reilly, Christopher Carling … (2009)

We compared anthropometric and fitness performance data from graduate male youth players from an elite soccer academy who on leaving the institution were either successful or not in progressing to higher standards of play. Altogether, 161 players were grouped according to whether they achieved international or professional status or remained amateur. Measures were taken across three age categories (under 14, 15 and 16 years of age). Players were assessed using standard measures of anthropometric and fitness characteristics. The skeletal age of players was also measured to determine maturity status. Multivariate analysis (MANCOVA) identified a significant (p<0.001) effect for playing status. Univariate analysis revealed a significant difference in maturity status in amateurs and professionals versus internationals (p<0.05), in body mass in professionals versus amateurs (d=0.56, p<0.05), in height (d=0.85, p<0.01) and maximal anaerobic power (d=0.79, p<0.01) in both professionals and internationals versus amateurs. There was also a significant difference in counter-movement jump (d=0.53, p<0.05) and 40-m sprint time (d=0.50, p<0.05) in internationals versus amateurs, as well as a significant main effect for age and playing position (p<0.001). Significant differences were reported for maturity status, body mass, height, peak concentric torque, maximal anaerobic power, and sprint and jump performance with results dependant on age category and playing position. These results suggest that anthropometric and fitness assessments of elite youth soccer players can play a part in determining their chances of proceeding to higher achievement levels. Copyright (c) 2008 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Fitness profiling in soccer: physical and physiologic characteristics of elite players.

Igor Jukic, D Milanović, Goran Sporiš … (2009)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether players in different positional roles have a different physical and physiologic profile. For the purpose of this study, physiologic measurements were taken of 270 soccer players during the precompetitive period of 2005/06 and the precompetitive period of 2006/07. According to the positional roles, players were categorized as defenders (n = 80), midfielders (n = 80), attackers (n = 80), and goalkeepers (n = 30). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was use to determinate differences between team positions. Goalkeepers are the tallest and the heaviest players in the team. They are also the slowest players in the team when sprinting ability over 10 and 20 meters is required. Attackers were the quickest players in the team when looking at sprint values over 5, 10, and 20 meters. There were statistically significant differences between attacker and defenders when measuring vertical jump height by squat jump. Goalkeepers were able to perform better on explosive power tests (squat jump and countermovement jump) than players in the field. Midfielders had statistically significant superior values of relative oxygen consumption, maximal heart rate, maximal running speed, and blood lactate than defenders and attackers. Defenders had more body fat than attackers and midfielders (p < 0.05). Coaches are able to use this information to determine which type of profile is needed for a specific position. It is obvious that players in different positions have different physical and physiologic profiles. Experienced coaches can use this information in the process of designing a training program to maximize the fitness development of soccer players with one purpose only, to achieve success in soccer.