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      Desarrollo de procesos reflexivos por medio de innovación didáctica en el logro de habilidades Translated title: Development of reflective processes through didactic innovation in skill achievement

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          Abstract

          Introducción: El proceso reflexivo, como hábito en el ámbito docente, es un factor que favorece el aprendizaje significativo y, al mismo tiempo, forma profesionales conscientes en su desempeño laboral, capaces de generar estrategias a partir de la experiencia. La técnica de colocación de guantes estériles es adquirida por simulación clínica, pero hemos desarrollado una innovación didáctica como recurso en la creación de escenarios que promueven la reflexión. Sujetos y métodos: Se realizaron dos talleres de simulación de colocación de guantes estériles a 88 estudiantes de primer año de medicina de la Universidad Finis Terrae, uno con método tradicional y otro con un método que incorpora una innovación: taller didáctico junto a una encuesta evaluativa antes y después de su realización. Resultados: La percepción de los estudiantes respecto al logro de la habilidad y el aprendizaje fue mejor gracias al proceso reflexivo que generó en ellos el taller autoevaluativo. Conclusión: La reflexión favorece la consolidación del conocimiento, siendo la simulación el mejor contexto para su desarrollo, y la autoevaluación, la forma de guiar y facilitar el proceso en el estudiante.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: The reflexive process as a habit in the teaching field is a factor that favors meaningful learning while forming conscious professionals in their actions, capable of generating strategies based on experience. The stance technique of sterile gloves is acquired with clinical simulation, occupying didactic innovation as a resource in the creation of scenarios that promote reflection. Subjects and methods: Sterile gloves posture simulation workshops were held for 88 students of first year of Medicine school at the Finis Terrae University, one with a traditional method and the other with a method that incorporates innovation: a didactic workshop together with an evaluation survey before and after its completion. Results: Student's perception, regarding the achievement of skill and learning, was better due to the reflexive process generated in them through self-evaluation workshop. Conclusion: The reflection favors the consolidation of knowledge, being the simulation the best context for its development and self-evaluation the way to guide and facilitate the process in the student.

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          Most cited references12

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          Reflection and reflective practice in health professions education: a systematic review.

          The importance of reflection and reflective practice are frequently noted in the literature; indeed, reflective capacity is regarded by many as an essential characteristic for professional competence. Educators assert that the emergence of reflective practice is part of a change that acknowledges the need for students to act and to think professionally as an integral part of learning throughout their courses of study, integrating theory and practice from the outset. Activities to promote reflection are now being incorporated into undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing medical education, and across a variety of health professions. The evidence to support and inform these curricular interventions and innovations remains largely theoretical. Further, the literature is dispersed across several fields, and it is unclear which approaches may have efficacy or impact. We, therefore, designed a literature review to evaluate the existing evidence about reflection and reflective practice and their utility in health professional education. Our aim was to understand the key variables influencing this educational process, identify gaps in the evidence, and to explore any implications for educational practice and research.
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            The use of reflection in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 44.

            Reflection is a metacognitive process that creates a greater understanding of both the self and the situation so that future actions can be informed by this understanding. Self-regulated and lifelong learning have reflection as an essential aspect, and it is also required to develop both a therapeutic relationship and professional expertise. There are a variety of educational approaches in undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing medical education that can be used to facilitate reflection, from text based reflective journals and critical incident reports to the creative use of digital media and storytelling. The choice of approach varies with the intended outcomes, but it should also be determined by the user since everyone has a preferred style. Guided reflection, with supportive challenge from a mentor or facilitator, is important so that underlying assumptions can be challenged and new perspectives considered. Feedback also has an important role to enhance reflection. There is little research evidence to suggest that reflection improves quality of care but the process of care can be enhanced.
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              A method for evaluating health care workers’ personal protective equipment technique

              Background Given the potential for the transfer of infectious diseases among patients in isolation, health care workers (HCWs), and other patients in the hospital environment, the proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is paramount. The literature is limited regarding studies of HCWs’ use of PPE in patient care tasks. Methods A pilot study was conducted to examine the feasibility of using a simulated health care environment to assess HCWs’ technique when implementing standard airborne and contact isolation precautions. The participants (n = 10) were assigned patient care tasks based on their specific professional roles. The encounters were digitally recorded during donning and doffing of PPE, as well as during interactions with the simulated patient. Powdered fluorescent marker was used as a measure of contamination. Results The pilot data show various inconsistencies in the HCWs’ PPE technique. Each of the 10 participants committed at least one breach of standard airborne and contact isolation precautions. Conclusion An expanded research study of HCW behaviors is needed to properly examine these contamination and exposure pathways. Training programs should be developed that emphasize the common errors in HCWs’ PPE technique.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                fem
                FEM: Revista de la Fundación Educación Médica
                FEM (Ed. impresa)
                Fundación Educación Médica y Viguera Editores, S.L. (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                2014-9832
                2014-9840
                2020
                : 23
                : 4
                : 219-225
                Affiliations
                [1] Santiago de Chile Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad Finis Terrae orgdiv1Escuela de Medicina orgdiv2Facultad de Medicina Chile
                Article
                S2014-98322020000400009 S2014-9832(20)02300400009
                8718ef9e-d1bf-46b3-90cd-641b4e618f71

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 June 2020
                : 28 May 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 14, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Retroalimentación,Feedback,Pregrado,Material de enseñanza,Medical education,Learning,Self-assessment,Autoevaluación,Educación médica,Teaching materials,Estudiante de medicina,Aprendizaje,Medical student,Undergraduate

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