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      Conductas alimentarias de riesgo y su asociación con el exceso de peso en adolescentes del Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca: un estudio transversal Translated title: Risky eating behaviors and its association with excess weight in adolescents from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca: a cross-sectional study

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción Las Conductas Alimentarias de Riesgo (CAR) son manifestaciones similares a los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, sin embargo, se presentan con menor frecuencia e intensidad y generalmente se desarrollan durante la adolescencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de CAR por sexo y su asociación con el exceso de peso en estudiantes de secundaria de la región del Istmo de Tehuantepec del Estado de Oaxaca, México. Material y Métodos Diseño observacional de tipo transversal analítico. Un total de 268 adolescentes entre 12 y 15 años fueron incluidos. Se utilizó el Cuestionario Breve de Conductas Alimentarias de Riesgo (CBCAR) para determinar la prevalencia de CAR. Se identificó el exceso de peso considerando las referencias establecidas por la OMS de los puntajes Z del índice de masa corporal para la edad (IMC/E) por sexo. Las variables cualitativas se analizaron mediante χ2. El análisis de asociación se realizó mediante regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta obteniendo razones de prevalencia en el paquete estadístico STATA v. 14. Resultados El 8,6 % de los adolescentes presentó un alto riesgo de CAR, siendo más prevalente en mujeres sin mostrar diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La preocupación por engordar fue mayor en mujeres (p<0,001) en comparación con los hombres. El sobrepeso y la obesidad se asociaron significativamente con la presencia de CAR; (RP=1,55; IC95%: 1,03-2,32) y (RP=2,79; IC95%: 1,75-4,44) respectivamente. Conclusiones La prevalencia de alto riesgo de CAR en la población de estudio fue mayor a lo reportado con anterioridad, siendo más prevalente en mujeres. Además, el IMC elevado se asoció significativamente con la presencia de CAR, por lo tanto, es importante generar intervenciones para el control de peso que incluyan aspectos biopsicosociales para prevenir conductas de riesgo entre los adolescentes.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction Risky Eating Behaviors (REB) are manifestations similar to eating disorders, however, they occur with less frequency and intensity and generally develop during adolescence. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of REB and its relationship with excess weight in high school students from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec region of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. Material and Methods Analytical cross-sectional observational design. A total of 268 adolescents between 12 and 15 years old were included. The Brief Questionnaire of Risky Eating Behaviors (CBCAR) was used to determine the prevalence of CAR. Excess weight was identified considering the references established by the WHO of the Z-scores of the body mass index for age (BMI/E) by sex. The qualitative variables were analyzed using Chi-square. The association analysis was performed using Poisson regression with robust variance in the statistical package STATA v. 14. Results 8.6% of the adolescents presented a high risk of CAR, being more prevalent in women without showing statistically significant differences. Concern about gaining weight was higher in women (p<0.001) compared to men.Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with the presence of CAR; (PR=1.55; 95%CI: 1.03-2.32) and (PR=2.79; 95%CI: 1.75-4.44) respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of high risk of CAR in the study population was higher than previously reported, being more prevalent in women. In addition, high BMI was significantly associated with the presence of CAR, therefore, it is important to generate interventions for weight control that include biopsychosocial aspects to prevent risk behaviors among adolescents.

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          Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls: a longitudinal investigation.

          Because few prospective studies have examined predictors of body dissatisfaction--an established risk factor for eating disorders--the authors tested whether a set of sociocultural, biological, interpersonal, and affective factors predicted increases in body dissatisfaction using longitudinal data from adolescent girls (N = 496). Elevated adiposity, perceived pressure to be thin, thin-ideal internalization, and social support deficits predicted increases in body dissatisfaction, but early menarche, weight-related teasing, and depression did not. There was evidence of 2 distinct pathways to body dissatisfaction--1 involving pressure to be thin and 1 involving adiposity. Results support the contention that certain sociocultural, biological, and interpersonal factors increase the risk for body dissatisfaction, but suggest that other accepted risk factors are not related to this outcome.
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            Body-image and eating disturbances prospectively predict increases in depressive symptoms in adolescent girls: a growth curve analysis.

            Using data from a longitudinal community study (N = 231), the authors tested whether body-image and eating disturbances might partially explain the increase in depression observed in adolescent girls. Initial pressure to be thin, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dieting, and bulimic symptoms, but not body mass, predicted subsequent increases in depressive symptoms, as did increases in these risk factors over the study. There was also prospective support for each of the hypothesized mediational relations linking these risk factors to increases in depressive symptoms. Effects remained significant when other established gender-nonspecific risk factors for depression (social support and emotionality) were statistically controlled. Results provide support for the assertion that body-image and eating disturbances, operating above and beyond gender-nonspecific risk factors, contribute to the elevated depression in adolescent girls.
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              The Influence of Sociocultural Factors on Body Image: A Meta-Analysis

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                renhyd
                Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética
                Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet
                Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética (Pamplona, Navarra, Spain )
                2173-1292
                2174-5145
                June 2021
                : 25
                : 2
                : 246-255
                Affiliations
                [1] Juchitán orgnameUniversidad del Istmo Mexico
                Article
                S2174-51452021000200246 S2174-5145(21)02500200246
                10.14306/renhyd.25.2.1170
                877090dd-bae6-4397-a8ed-7d2e78e20bf1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 October 2020
                : 30 November 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 49, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Investigaciones

                Conducta Alimentaria,Adolescente,Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos,Sobrepeso,Obesidad,Feeding Behavior,Adolescent,Feeding and Eating Disorders,Overweight,Obesity

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