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      Multi-stacked PDMS-based triboelectric generators with conductive textile for efficient energy harvesting

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          Abstract

          Facile fabrication of multi-stacked triboelectric generators with the PDMS coated CT and bare CT, and enhancement of output performance due to the increased friction area for triboelectric charge generation.

          Abstract

          We report triboelectric generators with multi-stacked layers of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coated conductive textile (CT), and bare CT, fabricated by a simple and cost-effective methodology. Because PDMS is entirely covered over the upper and bottom surfaces of the CT substrate, both sides are utilized for the friction area of triboelectric charge generation, and the embedded CT can be used as an electrode. The bare CT, which is flexible and durable, also acts as a triboelectric material by rubbing the PDMS as well as an electrode. For a single-layer triboelectric generator, the averaged output voltage/current density of 8.12 V/25.77 nA cm −2 were observed under the external pushing forces of 3.5–4 kgf during footsteps test. The multi-stacked triboelectric generators were prepared by overlapping the PDMS coated CTs and bare CTs repeatedly. Under the same test conditions, the output voltage/current density of the triple-stacked device was considerably increased, up to 2.88/2.45 times, because the overlapped CT and PDMS layers could be uniformly pressed with the increased friction area. The external load dependent output power of the multi-stacked triboelectric generators was also investigated.

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          Most cited references18

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          Transparent triboelectric nanogenerators and self-powered pressure sensors based on micropatterned plastic films.

          Transparent, flexible and high efficient power sources are important components of organic electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this work, based on the principle of the previously demonstrated triboelectric generator, we demonstrate a new high-output, flexible and transparent nanogenerator by using transparent polymer materials. We have fabricated three types of regular and uniform polymer patterned arrays (line, cube, and pyramid) to improve the efficiency of the nanogenerator. The power generation of the pyramid-featured device far surpassed that exhibited by the unstructured films and gave an output voltage of up to 18 V at a current density of ∼0.13 μA/cm(2). Furthermore, the as-prepared nanogenerator can be applied as a self-powered pressure sensor for sensing a water droplet (8 mg, ∼3.6 Pa in contact pressure) and a falling feather (20 mg, ∼0.4 Pa in contact pressure) with a low-end detection limit of ∼13 mPa.
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            Solution-processed graphene/MnO2 nanostructured textiles for high-performance electrochemical capacitors.

            Large scale energy storage system with low cost, high power, and long cycle life is crucial for addressing the energy problem when connected with renewable energy production. To realize grid-scale applications of the energy storage devices, there remain several key issues including the development of low-cost, high-performance materials that are environmentally friendly and compatible with low-temperature and large-scale processing. In this report, we demonstrate that solution-exfoliated graphene nanosheets (∼5 nm thickness) can be conformably coated from solution on three-dimensional, porous textiles support structures for high loading of active electrode materials and to facilitate the access of electrolytes to those materials. With further controlled electrodeposition of pseudocapacitive MnO(2) nanomaterials, the hybrid graphene/MnO(2)-based textile yields high-capacitance performance with specific capacitance up to 315 F/g achieved. Moreover, we have successfully fabricated asymmetric electrochemical capacitors with graphene/MnO(2)-textile as the positive electrode and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs)-textile as the negative electrode in an aqueous Na(2)SO(4) electrolyte solution. These devices exhibit promising characteristics with a maximum power density of 110 kW/kg, an energy density of 12.5 Wh/kg, and excellent cycling performance of ∼95% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles. Such low-cost, high-performance energy textiles based on solution-processed graphene/MnO(2) hierarchical nanostructures offer great promise in large-scale energy storage device applications.
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              Toward large-scale energy harvesting by a nanoparticle-enhanced triboelectric nanogenerator.

              This article describes a simple, cost-effective, and scalable approach to fabricate a triboelectric nanogenerator (NG) with ultrahigh electric output. Triggered by commonly available ambient mechanical energy such as human footfalls, a NG with size smaller than a human palm can generate maximum short-circuit current of 2 mA, delivering instantaneous power output of 1.2 W to external load. The power output corresponds to an area power density of 313 W/m(2) and a volume power density of 54,268 W/m(3) at an open-circuit voltage of ~1200 V. An energy conversion efficiency of 14.9% has been achieved. The power was capable of instantaneously lighting up as many as 600 multicolor commercial LED bulbs. The record high power output for the NG is attributed to optimized structure, proper materials selection and nanoscale surface modification. This work demonstrated the practicability of using NG to harvest large-scale mechanical energy, such as footsteps, rolling wheels, wind power, and ocean waves.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                RSCACL
                RSC Advances
                RSC Adv.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                2046-2069
                2015
                2015
                : 5
                : 9
                : 6437-6442
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering
                [2 ]Institute for Laser Engineering
                [3 ]Kyung Hee University
                [4 ]Yongin-si
                [5 ]Republic of Korea
                Article
                10.1039/C4RA15310C
                87808702-1d9e-4682-9bc5-80a52b4ddf34
                © 2015
                History

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