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      Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior Translated title: Why do men use health services less than women? Explanations by men with low versus higher education

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          Abstract

          O estudo tem como objetivo analisar as explicações presentes em discursos masculinos para a pouca procura dos homens por serviços de saúde. O método do estudo baseia-se numa abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa. A representação do cuidar como tarefa feminina, as questões relacionadas ao trabalho, a dificuldade de acesso aos serviços e a falta de unidades especificamente voltadas para a saúde do homem são os principais motivos expressos pelos sujeitos para a pouca procura pelos serviços de saúde. Conclui-se, dentre outros aspectos, que o imaginário social que vê o homem como ser invulnerável acaba contribuindo para que ele menos se cuide e mais se exponha a situações de risco.

          Translated abstract

          The objective of this study was to analyze explanations in male discourse for men's relatively limited use of health services, using a qualitative methodology. Representation of caring as a female task, work-related issues, difficult access to services, and lack of services specifically targeting men's health were the main reasons for their limited use of health services. By way of conclusion, the social imaginary by which men are viewed as invulnerable leads them to take less care of their own health and expose themselves to greater risk.

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          O desafio do conhecimento:: pesquisa qualitativa em saúde.

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            Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men's well-being: a theory of gender and health.

            Men in the United States suffer more severe chronic conditions, have higher death rates for all 15 leading causes of death, and die nearly 7 yr younger than women. Health-related beliefs and behaviours are important contributors to these differences. Men in the United States are more likely than women to adopt beliefs and behaviours that increase their risks, and are less likely to engage in behaviours that are linked with health and longevity. In an attempt to explain these differences, this paper proposes a relational theory of men's health from a social constructionist and feminist perspective. It suggests that health-related beliefs and behaviours, like other social practices that women and men engage in, are a means for demonstrating femininities and masculinities. In examining constructions of masculinity and health within a relational context, this theory proposes that health behaviours are used in daily interactions in the social structuring of gender and power. It further proposes that the social practices that undermine men's health are often signifiers of masculinity and instruments that men use in the negotiation of social power and status. This paper explores how factors such as ethnicity, economic status, educational level, sexual orientation and social context influence the kind of masculinity that men construct and contribute to differential health risks among men in the United States. It also examines how masculinity and health are constructed in relation to femininities and to institutional structures, such as the health care system. Finally, it explores how social and institutional structures help to sustain and reproduce men's health risks and the social construction of men as the stronger sex.
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              Assistência à saúde dos homens: um desafio para os serviços de atenção primária

              O texto discute como os serviços de atenção primária podem contribuir para uma prática saudável por parte da população masculina. Tal objetivo implica a discussão de estratégias que envolvem os homens como sujeitos confrontados com as diferentes dimensões da vida; os serviços na maneira como eles se organizam para atender os usuários considerando suas particularidades; e os vínculos estabelecidos entre os homens e os serviços e vice-versa. Como fundamentação teórica, prevalecem os conceitos de gênero e de necessidade em saúde. Esses conceitos são relacionados à experiência prática desenvolvida no Centro de Saúde Escola Samuel B. Pessoa, localizado no bairro do Butantã, na cidade de São Paulo.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro )
                1678-4464
                March 2007
                : 23
                : 3
                : 565-574
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Brazil
                Article
                S0102-311X2007000300015
                10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015
                17334571
                881da668-7bfe-4a7c-9bd3-349f656de387

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-311X&lng=en
                Categories
                Health Policy & Services

                Public health
                Gender Identity,Saúde do Homem,Serviços de Saúde,Identidade de Gênero,Men's Health,Health Services

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