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      High-power all-solid-state batteries using sulfide superionic conductors

      , , , , , , , ,
      Nature Energy
      Springer Nature

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          What Are Batteries, Fuel Cells, and Supercapacitors?

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            Lithium batteries: Status, prospects and future

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              An ultrafast rechargeable aluminium-ion battery.

              The development of new rechargeable battery systems could fuel various energy applications, from personal electronics to grid storage. Rechargeable aluminium-based batteries offer the possibilities of low cost and low flammability, together with three-electron-redox properties leading to high capacity. However, research efforts over the past 30 years have encountered numerous problems, such as cathode material disintegration, low cell discharge voltage (about 0.55 volts; ref. 5), capacitive behaviour without discharge voltage plateaus (1.1-0.2 volts or 1.8-0.8 volts) and insufficient cycle life (less than 100 cycles) with rapid capacity decay (by 26-85 per cent over 100 cycles). Here we present a rechargeable aluminium battery with high-rate capability that uses an aluminium metal anode and a three-dimensional graphitic-foam cathode. The battery operates through the electrochemical deposition and dissolution of aluminium at the anode, and intercalation/de-intercalation of chloroaluminate anions in the graphite, using a non-flammable ionic liquid electrolyte. The cell exhibits well-defined discharge voltage plateaus near 2 volts, a specific capacity of about 70 mA h g(-1) and a Coulombic efficiency of approximately 98 per cent. The cathode was found to enable fast anion diffusion and intercalation, affording charging times of around one minute with a current density of ~4,000 mA g(-1) (equivalent to ~3,000 W kg(-1)), and to withstand more than 7,500 cycles without capacity decay.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nature Energy
                Nat. Energy
                Springer Nature
                2058-7546
                March 21 2016
                March 21 2016
                : 1
                : 4
                : 16030
                Article
                10.1038/nenergy.2016.30
                881dd3b2-6f5a-4196-acf7-c5c640d6cf3f
                © 2016
                History

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