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      Phytosociological contrast of ferns and lycophytes from forest fragments with different surroundings matrices in southern Brazil Translated title: Contraste fitossociológico de samambaias e licófitas de fragmentos florestais com diferentes matrizes de entorno no sul do Brasil

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          Abstract

          Abstract Forest edges typically exhibit higher luminosity and lower humidity than the forest interior, resulting in an abiotic gradient. However, the degree of abiotic difference can be affected from the type of the matrix, influencing the selection of species. We compared the floristic and phytosociological structure of understory communities of ferns and lycophytes of the edge and interior of three forest sites influenced by different types of surrounding matrices (natural field, Pinus plantation, and cultivation of crops). In the region of Araucaria Forest, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, twelve 10 × 10 m plots were selected at the edge and interior of each site, totaling 72 plots and to evaluate the phytosociological contrast, using as a parameter coverage and species richness per plot to evaluate this contrast. We recorded a total of 38 species in the studied areas, distributed in 15 families. The results show that the edge effect acts at different intensities in the analyzed sites. In the site with unnatural matrix, the composition was more homogeneous both in the edges and in the interiors and presented lower richness, showing a more pronounced and deep impact. Already in the site with natural matrix surroundings, although the border also presents low richness, the interior was about 3x richer. Based on our results, we concluded that fern conservation efforts should focus on fragments of Araucaria Forest inserted in the natural field, because the conversion of natural field into Pinus planting and cultivation of crops decreases ferns species both in the edges and forest interiors of the studied fragments, besides altering the phytosociological structure leading the communities to simplification.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Bordas florestais tipicamente exibem maior luminosidade e menor umidade que o interior florestal, resultando em um gradiente abiótico. Entretanto, o grau de diferença abiótica pode ser afetado a partir do tipo da matriz, influenciando a seleção de espécies. Comparamos a composição florística e a estrutura fitossociológica das comunidades de samambaias e licófitas na borda e interior de três sítios influenciados por diferentes matrizes (campo natural, plantio de Pinus e cultivo de olerícolas). Na região de Floresta com Araucária no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, foram sorteadas doze parcelas de 10 × 10 m na borda e no interior de cada sítio, totalizando 72 parcelas para avaliar o contraste fitossociológico, utilizando como parâmetro cobertura e riqueza das espécies por parcela para avaliar esse contraste. Registramos um total de 38 espécies nas áreas estudadas, distribuídas em 15 famílias. Os resultados mostraram que o efeito de borda atua em intensidades distintas nos sítios analisados. Nos sítios com matriz antropizada, a composição foi mais homogênea tanto nas bordas, quanto nos interiores e apresentou menor riqueza, demonstrando impacto mais pronunciado e profundo. Já no sítio com matriz de entorno natural, apesar da borda também apresentar baixa riqueza, o interior foi cerca de 3x mais rico. Sugerimos que os esforços de conservação de samambaias e licófitas em fragmentos com araucária, devem se concentrar em sítios inseridos em campo natural, pois, a conversão destes em plantio de Pinus e cultivo de olerícolas, diminui a diversidade dessas plantas, tanto nas bordas quanto nos interiores da floresta, além de alterar a estrutura fitossociológica levando as comunidades à simplificação.

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          Most cited references26

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          Edge Influence on Forest Structure and Composition in Fragmented Landscapes

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            Not seeing the ocean for the islands: the mediating influence of matrix-based processes on forest fragmentation effects

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              Effects of Forest Fragmentation on Recruitment Patterns in Amazonian Tree Communities

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bjb
                Brazilian Journal of Biology
                Braz. J. Biol.
                Instituto Internacional de Ecologia (São Carlos, SP, Brazil )
                1519-6984
                1678-4375
                October 2018
                : 0
                : 0
                Affiliations
                [02] Veracruz orgnameRed de Ecología Funcional orgdiv1Instituto de Ecología México
                [01] Novo Hamburgo Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade FEEVALE orgdiv1Laboratório de Botânica Brazil
                Article
                24106 S1519-69842018005024106
                10.1590/1519-6984.186077
                88409e7a-6c6a-4ce7-b7b5-3ff2b66fa0ef

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 November 2017
                : 02 October 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                pteridófitas,richness,pteridophytes,fragmentation,edge effects,community structure,araucaria forest,riqueza,fragmentação,efeito de borda,estrutura comunitária,floresta com araucária

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