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      Real life study of sacubitril valsartan combined therapy in chronic heart failure Translated title: Estudio en vida real de la terapia combinada de sacubitril valsartán en insuficiencia cardíaca crónica

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          Abstract

          SUMMARY Objectives: Sacubitril/valsartan is a drug for chronic heart failure (CHF), approved by Drugs Regulatory Agencies based on the results of the PARADIGM-HF, which could have several limitations on internal validity and applicability. Furthermore, this drug has a high economic impact. The objectives of this study are to evaluate effectiveness and safety of sacubitril/valsartan in CHF, as well as to evaluate adequation to use criteria stablished in a Health Management Area (HMA). Methods: Retrospective, observational study including adult patients with CHF who were receiving sacubitril/valsartan during 2017 in an HMA. The treatment effectiveness was assesed by death and/or hospitalization rates related to CHF. Frequency of adverse events was used to safety evaluation. Furthermore, adequation rate was assessed. Findings: A total of 68 patients were included. Death or hospitalization rates due to CHF at 12 months were 32.3% globally (2.9% and 29.4% respectively). Among patients analyzed, 33.8% presented hypotension, during the first year after treatment initiation. Overall adequation rate was 67.6%. Conclusions: A high percentage of death and/or hospitalization due to CHF was observed. Hypotension is a frequent adverse event which leads to dose adjustment and/or drug withdrawal. Overall adequation rate of sacubitril/valsartan prescription is acceptable.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivos : El sacubitril/valsartán es un medicamento para la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica (ICC), aprobado por las agencias reguladoras de medicamentos en base a los resultados del ensayo pivotal PARADIGM-HF, que podría tener varias limitaciones en la validez interna y la aplicabilidad. Además, este fármaco tiene un alto impacto económico. Los objetivos de este estudio son evaluar la efectividad y la seguridad de sacubitril/valsartán en la ICC, así como evaluar la adecuación a los criterios establecidos en un Área de Gestión de Salud (AGS). Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluye pacientes adultos con ICC que recibieron sacubitril/valsartán durante 2017 en una AGS. La efectividad del tratamiento fue evaluada mediante la tasa de mortalidad y/o hospitalización relacionadas con la ICC. La frecuencia de los eventos adversos se utilizó para la evaluación de seguridad. Además, se evaluó la tasa de adecuación. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 68 pacientes. Las tasas de mortalidad u hospitalización por ICC a los 12 meses fueron del 32,3% a nivel global (2,9% y 29,4%, respectivamente). Entre los pacientes analizados, el 33,8% presentó hipotensión durante el primer año después del inicio del tratamiento. La tasa de adaptación global fue del 67,6%. Conclusiones: Se observó un alto porcentaje de muerte y/o hospitalización por ICC. La hipotensión es un evento adverso frecuente que conduce al ajuste de la dosis y/o a la retirada del medicamento. La tasa general de adecuación de la prescripción de sacubitril/valsartán es aceptable.

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          Angiotensin–Neprilysin Inhibition versus Enalapril in Heart Failure

          We compared the angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 with enalapril in patients who had heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction. In previous studies, enalapril improved survival in such patients. In this double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 8442 patients with class II, III, or IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of 40% or less to receive either LCZ696 (at a dose of 200 mg twice daily) or enalapril (at a dose of 10 mg twice daily), in addition to recommended therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for heart failure, but the trial was designed to detect a difference in the rates of death from cardiovascular causes. The trial was stopped early, according to prespecified rules, after a median follow-up of 27 months, because the boundary for an overwhelming benefit with LCZ696 had been crossed. At the time of study closure, the primary outcome had occurred in 914 patients (21.8%) in the LCZ696 group and 1117 patients (26.5%) in the enalapril group (hazard ratio in the LCZ696 group, 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73 to 0.87; P<0.001). A total of 711 patients (17.0%) receiving LCZ696 and 835 patients (19.8%) receiving enalapril died (hazard ratio for death from any cause, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.93; P<0.001); of these patients, 558 (13.3%) and 693 (16.5%), respectively, died from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.89; P<0.001). As compared with enalapril, LCZ696 also reduced the risk of hospitalization for heart failure by 21% (P<0.001) and decreased the symptoms and physical limitations of heart failure (P=0.001). The LCZ696 group had higher proportions of patients with hypotension and nonserious angioedema but lower proportions with renal impairment, hyperkalemia, and cough than the enalapril group. LCZ696 was superior to enalapril in reducing the risks of death and of hospitalization for heart failure. (Funded by Novartis; PARADIGM-HF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01035255.).
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            2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines.

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              Real‐world treatment patterns of sacubitril/valsartan: a longitudinal cohort study in Germany

              Aims To analyse real‐world treatment patterns of sacubitril/valsartan (sac/val) using data from a pharmacy database in Germany. Methods and results A retrospective cohort study of 26 191 adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) in the IMS® longitudinal prescriptions database in Germany who were dispensed sac/val from January 2016 to June 2017 was conducted. The analysis included sac/val dose titration assessed in the 6 months from first sac/val prescription; prescriptions of concomitant cardiovascular medications in the 6 months pre‐ and post‐index and compliance and persistence during 12 months post‐index. Two‐thirds of patients were prescribed the lowest sac/val dose of 50 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) at index and up‐titration during the first 6 months was attempted in 41% of these patients. Ten percent of patients prescribed 200 mg b.i.d. at index had to be stably down‐titrated; among patients prescribed 50 or 100 mg b.i.d. at index that were up‐titrated, > 80% remained on the higher dose. Overall, the mean daily diuretic dose decreased by 25% after initiation of sac/val. High compliance and persistence rates were observed across sac/val doses, increasing with higher sac/val dose at index. Prior dose of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker had only minor impact on first sac/val dose, compliance and persistence. Conclusions Most patients prescribed sac/val are not initiated on the recommended dose nor up‐titrated as recommended by the EU Summary of Product Characteristics. Initiation of sac/val was associated with high persistence and compliance and a dose reduction of diuretics. Barriers to up‐titration must be explored.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ofil
                Revista de la OFIL
                Rev. OFIL·ILAPHAR
                Organización de Farmacéuticos Ibero-Latinoamericanos (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1131-9429
                1699-714X
                September 2021
                : 31
                : 3
                : 317-320
                Affiliations
                [1] Sevilla orgnameHospital Universitario Virgen de Valme orgdiv1UGC Farmacia Spain
                [2] Sevilla orgnameÁrea de Gestion Sanitaria Sur Spain
                Article
                S1699-714X2021000300317 S1699-714X(21)03100300317
                10.4321/s1699-714x20210003000011
                88716116-5c7f-4200-a55f-0dcbb35eb11e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 June 2020
                : 01 May 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 10, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originals

                Chronic heart failure,sacubitril/valsartan,hypertension,pharmacotherapy,real-life study,Insuficiencia cardíaca crónica,sacubitril/valsartán,hipertensión,farmacoterapia,estudio en vida real

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