Abnormal spinal curvature and influencing factors in children and adolescents in Hongkou District, Shanghai

Abstract

Objective To investigate the incidence of abnormal spinal curvature and related factors in primary and secondary school students in the Hongkou District of Shanghai, so as to provide evidence for abnormal spinal curvature prevention and treatment.

Methods Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, 1 884 students of grade 4 to grade 12 from seven schools were investigated via questionnaires for abnormal spinal curvature in Hongkou District.

Results The detectable rate of abnormal spinal curvature was 7.2%, The detectable rate of abnormal spinal curvature increased with increasing age ( P<0.01): senior high school (15.7%) > vocational high school (8.1%) > junior high school (3.4%) > primary school (1.8%) (χ ²= 91.24, P<0.01). The detect able rate of spinal curvature among female students was 8.6%, which was higher than that among male students (5.9%), and the difference was significant (χ ² = 5.27, P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors influencing abnormal spinal curvature included phase of studying, nutritional status and time spent engaged in outdoor activities every day ( P<0.05).

Conclusion Abnormal spinal curvature is one of the common conditions that endangers the health of children and adolescents. The collaboration of the school, students and parents is required to strengthen screening and prevention.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解上海市虹口区中小学生脊柱弯曲异常发生率及影响因素, 为脊柱弯曲异常防治工作提供科学依据。 方法 采取分层整群随机抽样方法, 抽取虹口区 7 所学校 1 884 名小学四年级至髙中三年级中小学生进行脊柱弯曲异常 筛査和影响因素的问卷调査。 结果 虹口区中小学生脊柱弯曲异常检出率为 7.2%, 随着学段的升髙, 脊柱弯曲异常检出 率升髙, 普通髙中 (15.7%)>职业髙中 (8.1%) >初中 (3.4%)>小学 (1.8%), 差异有统计学意义 (χ ² = 91.24, P<0.01); 男生脊 柱弯曲异常率为5.9%, 女生为 8.6%, 女生髙于男生 (χ ² = 5.27, P<0.05)。多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示, 影响脊柱弯曲异常 发生的因素有学段、营养状况、每天户外活动时间 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 脊柱弯曲异常是危害儿童青少年健康的常见疾 病之一。需要学校、学生、家长的共同参与, 加强筛査、预防工作。