Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection in People Applying for Medical Certificates

Abstract

Medical certificates are documents that state the health status of a person. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in applicants of medical certificates and to investigate seroprevalence association with characteristics of these individuals. We examined 404 applicants in a public health center in Durango City, Mexico for the presence of anti- Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies using enzyme-linked immunoassays. Of the 404 subjects (mean age of 35.94 ± 13.01) studied, 29 (7.2%) were positive for anti- T. gondii IgG antibodies and 9 (31.0%) of them were also positive for anti- T. gondii IgM antibodies. IgG and IgM seropositivities were associated with vision impairment ( P = 0.04) and a history of surgery ( P = 0.03), respectively. Prevalence of high (>150 IU/ml) IgG antibody levels was associated with hearing impairment ( P = 0.03), and histories of lymphadenopathy ( P = 0.04) and miscarriages ( P = 0.03). Multivariate analysis showed that T. gondii seropositivity was associated with being born out of Durango State (odds ratio [OR] = 4.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25–17. 29; P = 0.02) and soil contact (OR = 4.27; 95% CI: 1.71–10.67; P = 0.002) and negatively associated with consumption of sheep meat (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02–0.65; P = 0.01). These results could be used for the design of optimal preventive measures against toxoplasmosis and its sequelae.