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      Reducing symptoms of social anxiety in a young adult: a case study on reattach

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          Abstract

          Introduction: ReAttach is a new, multi-modal psychological intervention based on the theoretical principles of arousal regulation, information processing and schema therapy. Practical research indicates that ReAttach significantly reduces psychological problems in both adults and children. Theories on ReAttach state that this is done by creating functional schemas, which in turn create more effective coping styles in clients and decrease psychological distress.

          Objectives: This article aims to provide a better understanding of ReAttach theory and give insight in the treatment process.

          Methods: This is done by linking theory to the treatment process of a young adult (N=1) with symptoms of social anxiety.

          Results: The psychological distress in the client decreased from 32 (serious problems) to 12 (no problems).

          Conclusion: ReAttach decreased symptoms of anxiety in the young adult and the theoretical principles of arousal regulation, information processing and schema therapy seem applicable to the case.

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          Most cited references14

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          From Thought to Action: Effects of Process-Versus Outcome-Based Mental Simulations on Performance

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            How eye movements affect unpleasant memories: support for a working-memory account.

            Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing can reduce ratings of the vividness and emotionality of unpleasant memories-hence it is commonly used to treat posttraumatic stress disorder. The present experiments compared three accounts of how eye movements produce these benefits. Participants rated unpleasant autobiographical memories before and after eye movements or an eyes stationary control condition. In Experiment 1, eye movements produced benefits only when memories were held in mind during the movements, and eye movements increased arousal, contrary to an investigatory-reflex account. In Experiment 2, horizontal and vertical eye movements produced equivalent benefits, contrary to an interhemispheric-communication account. In Experiment 3, two other distractor tasks (auditory shadowing, drawing) produced benefits that were negatively correlated with working-memory capacity. These findings support a working-memory account of the eye movement benefits in which the central executive is taxed when a person performs a distractor task while attempting to hold a memory in mind.
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              Psychological treatments for early psychosis can be beneficial or harmful, depending on the therapeutic alliance: an instrumental variable analysis

              Background The quality of the therapeutic alliance (TA) has been invoked to explain the equal effectiveness of different psychotherapies, but prior research is correlational, and does not address the possibility that individuals who form good alliances may have good outcomes without therapy. Method We evaluated the causal effect of TA using instrumental variable (structural equation) modelling on data from a three-arm, randomized controlled trial of 308 people in an acute first or second episode of a non-affective psychosis. The trial compared cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) over 6 weeks plus routine care (RC) v. supportive counselling (SC) plus RC v. RC alone. We examined the effect of TA, as measured by the client-rated CALPAS, on the primary trial 18-month outcome of symptom severity (PANSS), which was assessed blind to treatment allocation. Results Both adjunctive CBT and SC improved 18-month outcomes, compared to RC. We showed that, for both psychological treatments, improving TA improves symptomatic outcome. With a good TA, attending more sessions causes a significantly better outcome on PANSS total score [effect size −2.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.90 to −4.91]. With a poor TA, attending more sessions is detrimental (effect size +7.74, 95% CI +1.03 to +14.45). Conclusions This is the first ever demonstration that TA has a causal effect on symptomatic outcome of a psychological treatment, and that poor TA is actively detrimental. These effects may extend to other therapeutic modalities and disorders.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                10.26407
                Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities
                JRTDD
                ReAttach Therapy International Foundation
                2589-7799
                02 July 2018
                15 August 2018
                : 1
                : 1
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Private practice, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Renske Ter Maat ( renske.termaat@ 123456hotmail.com )
                Article
                10.26407/2018jrtdd.1.4
                897a0dbc-ce62-4afc-90ec-23850b2c75e5
                © Ter Maat, R.

                This is an open access article published by ReAttach Therapy International Foundation and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).

                History
                : 27 April 2018
                : 18 June 2018
                : 29 June 2018
                Page count
                Pages: 9
                Categories
                ReAttach Therapy

                Pediatrics,Psychology,Special education,Health & Social care,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                treatment,schema therapy,information processing,social anxiety,arousal regulation

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