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      Changes in Physical Properties of the Nankai Trough Megasplay Fault Induced by Earthquakes, Detected by Continuous Pressure Monitoring

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          A model for the motion of the Philippine Sea Plate consistent with NUVEL-1 and geological data

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            Source mechanisms and tectonic significance of historical earthquakes along the nankai trough, Japan

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              Three-Dimensional Splay Fault Geometry and Implications for Tsunami Generation

              Megasplay faults, very long thrust faults that rise from the subduction plate boundary megathrust and intersect the sea floor at the landward edge of the accretionary prism, are thought to play a role in tsunami genesis. We imaged a megasplay thrust system along the Nankai Trough in three dimensions, which allowed us to map the splay fault geometry and its lateral continuity. The megasplay is continuous from the main plate interface fault upwards to the sea floor, where it cuts older thrust slices of the frontal accretionary prism. The thrust geometry and evidence of large-scale slumping of surficial sediments show that the fault is active and that the activity has evolved toward the landward direction with time, contrary to the usual seaward progression of accretionary thrusts. The megasplay fault has progressively steepened, substantially increasing the potential for vertical uplift of the sea floor with slip. We conclude that slip on the megasplay fault most likely contributed to generating devastating historic tsunamis, such as the 1944 moment magnitude 8.1 Tonankai event, and it is this geometry that makes this margin and others like it particularly prone to tsunami genesis.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
                J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth
                Wiley
                21699313
                February 2018
                February 2018
                February 23 2018
                : 123
                : 2
                : 1072-1088
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Disaster Prevention Research Institute; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
                [2 ]Department of Geosciences and Center for Geomechanics, Geofluids, and Geohazards; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park PA USA
                [3 ]MARUM; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
                [4 ]Institute for Geophysics; University of Texas; Austin TX USA
                [5 ]GNS Science; Lower Hutt New Zealand
                [6 ]JAMSTEC; Yokohama Japan
                [7 ]Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
                [8 ]Pacific Geoscience Centre; Geological Survey of Canada; Sidney British Columbia Canada
                [9 ]Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences; East Boothbay ME USA
                Article
                10.1002/2017JB014924
                898dbe17-33b1-4c3d-92c1-abd14cddef41
                © 2018

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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