Deciduous dental caries among children aged 3–5 years in Henan Province and its influencing factors

Abstract

Objective To investigate the epidemiology and associated factors of deciduous dental caries in 3–5 years old children in Henan Province, and to provide a epidemiological reference for prevention work of deciduous dental caries among children.

Methods According to the basic methods of the Fourth National Oral Health Survey, 12 kindergartens were randomly selected from 2 counties and 2 districts in Henan Province and a total of 1 296 children aged 3–5 years old were randomly selected with stratified multi-stage random sampling method. The deciduous teeth of these children were examined for caries and their guardians were surveyed with questionnaires regarding oral health behavior, knowledge and attitude.

Results Deciduous dental caries occurred in 755 children, accounting for 58.3% and the average decay-missing-filled teeth (dmft) was 2.83. The differences of prevalence of dental caries of boys and girls (60.5%, 56.0%) and mean dmft index (2.88, 2.78) were of no statistical significance (χ ²/ F =2.64, 0.22, P>0.05). The prevalence of dental caries and mean dmft index for 3-, 4- and 5-year-old group was 46.7%, 2.02 and 60.9%, 2.85 and 67.5%, 3.64, respectively. There was statistical significance among three age groups (χ ²/ F = 40.00, 21.68, P<0.01). No significant difference was found in the dental caries prevalence and mean dmft index between urban (58.9%, 2.87) and rural area (57.7%, 2.79) (χ ² F =0.20, 0.16, P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age, feeding pattern within the first six months after birth, dental care experience and self-perceived oral health status associated with deciduous caries in 3–5 year-old children in Henan Province ( P<0.05).

Conclusion Dental caries prevalence is highly prevalent among preschool children in Henan Province. Effective caries precaution measures should be taken to improve oral health level of these children.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 调查分析河南省 3〜5 岁儿童患龋状况及其影响因素, 为儿童龋病预防工作提供流行病学依据。 方法 按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案, 采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法, 在河南省两县、两区选取 12 所幼儿园, 随 机抽取 3〜5 岁儿童共 1 296 名进行乳牙患龋状况调查, 并对家长进行口腔健康行为、知识和观念的问卷调查。 结果 1 296 名儿童中, 患龋 755 名, 患龋率为 58.3%, 龋均 2.83。男、女童患龋率 (60.5%, 56.0%) 和龋均 (2.88, 2.78) 差异均无统 计学意义 (χ ²/ F 值分别为 2.64, 0.22, P 值均>0.05)。 3, 4, 5 岁年龄组的患龋率分别为 46.7%, 60.9%, 67.5%, 龋均分别为 2.02, 2.85 和 3.64, 差异均有统计学意义 (χ ²/ F 值分别为 40.00, 21.68, P 值均<0.01)。城市、农村儿童患龋率分别为 58.9%, 57.7%, 龋均分别为 2.87, 2.79, 差异无统计学意义 (χ ²/ F 值分别为 0.20, 0.16, P 值均>0.05)。多因素 Logistic 回归分析显 示, 年龄、出生后 6 个月内喂养方式、是否到牙科医院就诊过以及自评牙齿和口腔健康状况是河南省 3〜5 岁儿童龋齿发生 的影响因素 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 河南省 3〜5 岁儿童乳牙患龋状况严重。应采取积极的防治措施, 提高儿童的牙齿健 康水平。