LAS CARRETERAS PUEDEN RESTRINGIR EL MOVIMIENTO DE PEQUEÑOS MAMÍFEROS EN BOSQUES ANDINOS DE COLOMBIA? ESTUDIO DE CASO EN EL BOSQUE DE YOTOCO, VALLE DEL CAUCA

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Abstract

La presencia de carreteras puede producir fragmentación interna o subdivisión de poblaciones de animales silvestres con potenciales efectos para su conservación. Evaluamos si la carretera Buga-Buenaventura que atraviesa la Reserva Forestal Bosque de Yotoco (cordillera Occidental, Valle del Cauca, Colombia) subdivide las poblaciones de pequeños mamíferos ahí presentes. Durante seis meses (febrero a julio 2006) capturamos, marcamos y liberamos 170 individuos de cinco especies: Melanomys caliginosus, Handleyomys alfaroi, Rhipidomys latimanus, Marmosa robinsoni y Heteromys australis. Nuestros datos señalan que estas especies exhiben inhibición parcial para cruzar la carretera. Si especies de borde de bosque y áreas perturbadas como las que aquí se registraron se inhiben para cruzar la carretera, es de esperar que la inhibición sea mayor o total en especies de interior de bosque.

Translated abstract

The presence of roads can produce internal fragmentation or subdivision of animal wild populations with potential effects for their conservation. We tested the hypothesis that the Buga-Buenaventura highway crossing the Forestal Reserve Bosque de Yotoco (western Andes, Valle del Cauca, Colombia) creates internal fragmentation in populations of small mammals. During six months (February to July 2006) we captured, marked, and released 170 individuals of five species: Melanomys caliginosus, Handleyomys alfaroi, Rhipidomys latimanus, Marmosa robinsoni and Heteromys australis. Our data suggest that these species exhibited partial inhibition to cross the monitored road. These mammal species are from forest edges and disturbed areas, thus suggesting a stronger or total crossroad inhibition in species from the forest interior.

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Impacts of roads and linear clearings on tropical forests.

William F. Laurance, Miriam Goosem, Susan Laurance (2009)

Linear infrastructure such as roads, highways, power lines and gas lines are omnipresent features of human activity and are rapidly expanding in the tropics. Tropical species are especially vulnerable to such infrastructure because they include many ecological specialists that avoid even narrow (<30-m wide) clearings and forest edges, as well as other species that are susceptible to road kill, predation or hunting by humans near roads. In addition, roads have a major role in opening up forested tropical regions to destructive colonization and exploitation. Here, we synthesize existing research on the impacts of roads and other linear clearings on tropical rainforests, and assert that such impacts are often qualitatively and quantitatively different in tropical forests than in other ecosystems. We also highlight practical measures to reduce the negative impacts of roads and other linear infrastructure on tropical species.