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      Ischaemic Heart Disease: How Well Are the Risk Profiles Modulated by Current Beta Blockers?

      review-article
      Cardiology
      S. Karger AG
      Primary prevention, Beta blockers, Coronary heart disease, Myocardial infarction, Post-infarction trials

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          Abstract

          In acute myocardial infarction, intravenous beta blocker therapy has been tested in about 30 controlled, randomized trials. Of these, the ISIS-1 using atenolol and the MIAMI trial using metoprolol are the most important. In a total of 26,437 patients, total deaths were reduced by 62 during day 1 and by 64 during the first week, i.e. 97% of the lives were saved during the first day of beta blocker treatment. In post-myocardial infarction, oral beta blocker maintenance treatment has been used in about 35,000 survivors in placebo-controlled trials. Of these, the timolol, metoprolol and propranolol (BHAT) trials are the most important. In the timolol trial lasting for 33 months, total death, total cardiac death and re-infarction rate were significantly reduced. In the metoprolol study lasting for 3 months, total and cardiac mortality were reduced, and in the BHAT study lasting for 25 months fatal and non-fatal re-infarction combined was significantly reduced. Primary prevention of coronary heart disease has been the intention in hypertension trials. Despite the fact that beta blockers are potent agents against elevated blood pressure, a well-established coronary risk factor, no controlled trial with a placebo or untreated control group has shown a definite preventive effect on coronary heart disease. The reason for this apparent paradox is not known, but many speculations have been aired that the lack of effect might be due to adverse metabolic effects of most beta blockers.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          CRD
          Cardiology
          10.1159/issn.0008-6312
          Cardiology
          S. Karger AG
          978-3-8055-5874-7
          978-3-318-01680-2
          0008-6312
          1421-9751
          1993
          1993
          14 November 2008
          : 82
          : Suppl 3
          : 8-12
          Affiliations
          International Cardiological Institute for Therapeutic Research, University of Oslo, Norway
          Article
          175927 Cardiology 1993;82:8–12
          10.1159/000175927
          8106167
          89ff16a7-f064-46c5-8e66-14a5f698a4fe
          © 1993 S. Karger AG, Basel

          Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

          History
          Page count
          Pages: 5
          Categories
          Session I: The Clinical Background

          General medicine,Neurology,Cardiovascular Medicine,Internal medicine,Nephrology
          Myocardial infarction,Beta blockers,Primary prevention,Coronary heart disease,Post-infarction trials

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