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      Mindfulness en consulta: la práctica de la respiración y de la amabilidad con uno mismo Translated title: Mindfulness into the clinical practice: breathing and self-compassion practices

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Resumen Este es un artículo de caso clínico cuyo objetivo es presentar ejemplos prácticos de intervenciones llevadas a cabo utilizando técnicas de mindfulness. El mindfulness o atención plena, se ha demostrado en los últimos años como una potente forma de trabajo que genera cambios tanto a nivel cerebral y fisiológico en la persona como en su nivel de bienestar, a través de la reducción de la sintomatología de estrés, ansiedad y depresión, así como de la reducción de los pensamientos rumiativos. Las intervenciones presentadas fueron llevadas a cabo dos pacientes adultas de 31 y 44 años que presentaban sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva. Estas intervenciones estuvieron basadas, fundamentalmente en la atención a la respiración, ejercicios de meditación y de autocompasión. Se describen algunos de los ejercicios llevados a cabo y los resultados obtenidos: reducción de la ansiedad, reducción de la sintomatología depresiva e incremento del bienestar. Los datos identificativos proporcionados no se corresponden con los reales, con el fin de preservar el anonimato de las pacientes. Se recabó el consentimiento informado de las pacientes para la realización de este trabajo.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The purpose of this case study is to present practical examples of interventions carried out in clinical practice using mindfulness techniques. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that mindfulness is a powerful treatment, able to produce changes at both biological and physiological levels as well as on well-being, through the reduction of the symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression and ruminative thoughts. This study is of a psychological intervention mainly focused on mindful breathing, meditation, and exercises of self-compassion in two patients (women aged 31 and 44 years) with anxious and depressive symptoms. Some of the exercises used and the results obtained are explained: reduction of anxiety, reduction of depressive symptoms, and increase of well-being. The identification data has been changed to preserve the patients' anonymity. Informed consent was obtained to publish their cases.

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          Most cited references32

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          Resilience in Cancer Patients

          Background: Being diagnosed with cancer and undergoing its treatment are associated with substantial distress that can cause long-lasting negative psychological outcomes. Resilience is an individual’s ability to maintain or restore relatively stable psychological and physical functioning when confronted with stressful life events and adversities. Posttraumatic growth (PTG) can be defined as positive life changes that result from major life crises or stressful events. Objectives: The aims of this study were to 1) investigate which factors can strengthen or weaken resilience and PTG in cancer patients and survivors; 2) explore the relationship between resilience and PTG, and mental health outcomes; and 3) discuss the impact and clinical implications of resilience and PTG on the process of recovery from cancer. Methods: A literature search was conducted, restricted to PubMed from inception until May 2018, utilizing the following key words: cancer, cancer patients, cancer survivors, resilience, posttraumatic growth, coping, social support, and distress. Results: Biological, personal, and most importantly social factors contribute to cancer patients’ resilience and, consequently, to favorable psychological and treatment-related outcomes. PTG is an important phenomenon in the adjustment to cancer. From the literature included in this review, a model of resilience and PTG in cancer patients and survivors was developed. Conclusions: The cancer experience is associated with positive and negative life changes. Resilience and PTG are quantifiable and can be modified through psychological and pharmacological interventions. Promoting resilience and PTG should be a critical component of cancer care.
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            Positive affect and markers of inflammation: discrete positive emotions predict lower levels of inflammatory cytokines.

            Negative emotions are reliably associated with poorer health (e.g., Kiecolt-Glaser, McGuire, Robles, & Glaser, 2002), but only recently has research begun to acknowledge the important role of positive emotions for our physical health (Fredrickson, 2003). We examine the link between dispositional positive affect and one potential biological pathway between positive emotions and health-proinflammatory cytokines, specifically levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6). We hypothesized that greater trait positive affect would be associated with lower levels of IL-6 in a healthy sample. We found support for this hypothesis across two studies. We also explored the relationship between discrete positive emotions and IL-6 levels, finding that awe, measured in two different ways, was the strongest predictor of lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines. These effects held when controlling for relevant personality and health variables. This work suggests a potential biological pathway between positive emotions and health through proinflammatory cytokines.
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              Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy to prevent relapse in recurrent depression.

              For people at risk of depressive relapse, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has an additive benefit to usual care (H. F. Coelho, P. H. Canter, & E. Ernst, 2007). This study asked if, among patients with recurrent depression who are treated with antidepressant medication (ADM), MBCT is comparable to treatment with maintenance ADM (m-ADM) in (a) depressive relapse prevention, (b) key secondary outcomes, and (c) cost effectiveness. The study design was a parallel 2-group randomized controlled trial comparing those on m-ADM (N = 62) with those receiving MBCT plus support to taper/discontinue antidepressants (N = 61). Relapse/recurrence rates over 15-month follow-ups in MBCT were 47%, compared with 60% in the m-ADM group (hazard ratio = 0.63; 95% confidence interval: 0.39 to 1.04). MBCT was more effective than m-ADM in reducing residual depressive symptoms and psychiatric comorbidity and in improving quality of life in the physical and psychological domains. There was no difference in average annual cost between the 2 groups. Rates of ADM usage in the MBCT group was significantly reduced, and 46 patients (75%) completely discontinued their ADM. For patients treated with ADM, MBCT may provide an alternative approach for relapse prevention.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ep
                Escritos de Psicología (Internet)
                Escritos de Psicología
                Facultad de Psicología. Universidad de Málaga (Málaga, Málaga, Spain )
                1138-2635
                1989-3809
                June 2022
                : 15
                : 1
                : 50-58
                Affiliations
                [1] Málaga Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Málaga orgdiv1Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia Spain
                Article
                S1989-38092022000100005 S1989-3809(22)01500100005
                10.24310/espsiescpsi.v15i1.13971
                8a185fab-5c8b-4c35-9094-228be878e5e8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Estudio de caso

                atención plena,intervención,psicología clínica,depresión,depression,anxiety,ansiedad,mindfulness,intervention,clinical psychology

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