Downy mildew is one of the severe diseases of pearl millet, globally affecting its commercial production. Priming of seeds of a susceptible cultivar of pearl millet with β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) and Pseudomonas fluorescens has reduced the downy mildew disease incidence level under field studies. In the current study, proteomic approach was used to elucidate the poorly studied resistance mechanism in these elicitor primed pearl millet seeds in response to Sclerospora graminicola infection. 2DE-MS/MS based proteomic approach revealed that majority of the 63 differentially accumulated (p≤0.05) proteins associated with energy and metabolism followed by stress and defense category. Multivariate statistics disclosed that infection caused by the pathogen rather than elicitor treatment had a major influence on the dynamics of protein abundance. Mechanism of priming mediated by BABA and P. fluorescens were different from each other as evident by the protein abundance profile of hierarchical clustering analysis. Over-representation of proteins pertaining to glucose metabolism suggests that seed priming ensures plant protection against disease without compromising its normal growth and development. In addition the study forms a basis for future investigation by functional analysis of these differentially accumulated proteins to further unravel the resistance mechanism of elicitor primed plant against the S. graminicola.