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      Impact of a resident strike on emergency department quality indicators at an urban teaching hospital.

      Academic Emergency Medicine
      Adult, Emergency Medical Services, statistics & numerical data, Hospitals, Teaching, Humans, Internship and Residency, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Quality Indicators, Health Care, Spain, epidemiology, Strikes, Employee, Urban Health

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          Abstract

          To evaluate the indicators of activity and quality within the emergency department (ED) during a resident physicians' strike. This was an observational study comparing a strike period (SP) and a non-strike period (NSP) in the ED of a 1,000-bed tertiary care teaching hospital in Barcelona, Spain, with an annual census of 100,000 emergency visits. During a period of nine nonconsecutive days, the resident physicians were on strike. Emergency visits were handled by staff members. Data were compared between all patients treated in the ED during the SP and those treated during the NSP, matched by the weekday. The authors compared lengths of stay (LOSs), rates of use of laboratory tests and radiology procedures, numbers of patient walkouts, patient/physician ratios, emergency hospital admission rates, home discharge rates, unscheduled return rates, and mortality rates. The two groups (SP 2,610 patients and NSP 3,634 patients) were comparable in terms of average daily attendance rate (SP: 290 +/- 12 vs NSP: 302 +/- 21; p = 0.13), elective hospital admission rate, and severity of illness. Statistically significant differences were found in terms of mean total patients' LOS (SP: 206.75 +/- 12.27 vs NSP: 235.10 +/- 27.08 minutes; p < 0.001), number of laboratory tests per patient (SP: 0.30 +/- 0.05 vs NSP: 0.38 +/- 0.04; p < 0.001), and radiographs per patient (SP: 0.78 +/- 0.06 vs NSP: 0.88 +/- 0.09; p = 0.021). This study demonstrated that replacing residents with staff physicians resulted in fewer laboratory tests ordered, fewer radiographs ordered, and shorter lengths of stays in the ED.

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          Most cited references4

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          The effect of supervision of residents on quality of care in five university-affiliated emergency departments.

          To assess the impact of direct supervision of resident physicians by attending physicians on quality of care in emergency departments. In 1993, compliance with process-of-care guidelines was measured for 3,667 patients cared for by residents in five emergency departments in Boston and Cambridge, Massachusetts. Those patients presented with abdominal pain, asthma/COPD, chest pain, hand laceration, head trauma, or vaginal bleeding. A follow-up survey to assess patient satisfaction and reported problems with care was completed by 1,094 randomly sampled patients. In multivariate analysis, residents directly supervised by attending physicians had significantly (p < .0001) higher adjusted mean percentage compliance with guidelines (64%) than did residents alone (55%). Better compliance was also associated with higher level of training of the resident and greater patient urgency. There was no significant difference between supervised and unsupervised residents in either adjusted patient satisfaction or reported problems with care. Direct supervision of residents in emergency departments is significantly associated with better compliance with guidelines, regardless of level of training. However, direct supervision was not shown to influence patients' experience with care.
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            Supervision, not regulation of hours, is the key to improving the quality of patient care.

            David Bell (1993)
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              Working Conditions and Supervision for Residents in Internal Medicine Programs Recommendations

              (1989)
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