Role of sVEGFR1 in the development of complications in pregnant women with antenatal fetal death anamnesis record

Background sVEGFR1 is a hypoxia influenced growth factor, involved in the endothelial dysfunction characterizing the pregnancy disorder of preeclampsia. Objective Determine correlation between dynamic pattern of sVEGFR1 serum concentration and complications in pregnant women with antenatal fetal death history for timely diagnosis. Materials and Methods A total of 35 women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy were enrolled in the study group and 30 women – in the control group. The study group was divided into 3 subgroups: subgroup #1: pregnant women, with no placental insufficiency (n=21), subgroup #2 - pregnant women with PI (n=8), subgroup #3 - pregnant women with PI resulting in preeclampsia(n=6). The control group comprised 30 pregnant women with uncomplicated childbirth. sVEGFR1 concentration was estimated in maternal serum by means of enzyme multiplied immune assay Quantikine (R and D systems, USA and Canada). Statistical data was assessed by SPSS statistics. Package was used to perform all the statistical analysis. The conventional p≤0,05 was used to assess statistical significance. Results Average age of women in the study group was 28,4±4,7 years, in the control group – 27,7±4,7 years. A physiological sVEGFR1 serum concentration was observed in the subgroup #1. As well as that, this group demonstrated concordant to the healthy pregnant women fluctuations of sVEGRF1 serum concentration. However, sVEGRF1 level was 1,2 fold less than in the control group during 29-32, 33-36 weeks of pregnancy. It was statistically proven, that fluctuations in sVEGRF1 serum concentration in the subgroup #2 were similar to the ones in the control group. No statistically significant changes of sVEGRF1 serum concentration compared to the control group were detected in the subgroup #3 up to the 28th week of pregnancy. However, a 1,5 fold increase of sVEGFR1 concentration was observed in the subgroup #3 (p<0,005) in comparison with the control group (1586±358 pg/ml, 2347±519 pg/ml, 3695±1547 pg/ml during 29-32, 33-36, >37 weeks of pregnancy, respectively). Control group demonstrated physiological concentration of sVEGRF1 throughout the pregnancy. Conclusion Changes in sVEGFR1 serum concentration were statistically significant in the group of pregnant women with PI, resulting in preeclampsia. Moreover, they were detected 3-4 weeks prior to clinical symptoms, providing opportunity for timely diagnosis and prevention measures.