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      Compuestos bioactivos de alimentos como coadyuvantes a los tratamientos de cáncer de mama: vitamina D y omega-3 Translated title: Bioactive food compounds as adjuvants to breast cancer treatment: vitamin D and omega-3

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: el cáncer de mama (CM) es el tumor más diagnosticado en mujeres y la primera causa de muerte por cáncer en este grupo de población. La calidad de vida disminuye durante los tratamientos, así como a largo plazo en las supervivientes. Numerosos estudios relacionan la ingesta de algunos alimentos o sus compuestos bioactivos con un mejor pronóstico de la enfermedad o mejoras en la calidad de vida de pacientes con CM, pero apenas existen revisiones que permitan aclarar la evidencia científica. Objetivos: agrupar y sintetizar la evidencia disponible sobre la efectividad del empleo de compuestos bioactivos de alimentos como coadyuvantes del tratamiento del CM. Método: revisión bibliográfica mediante sistema de búsqueda PubMed para la identificación y estudio de compuestos bioactivos con posible efecto coadyuvantes en el tratamiento de CM. Resultados: todos los compuestos analizados mostraron efectos antitumorales in vitro. La vitamina D contribuye a reducir las fracturas óseas. Los lípidos marinos disminuyen la resorción ósea y la inflamación. Conclusión: existen compuestos bioactivos con potencial terapéutico para mejorar la calidad de vida de mujeres con CM. La vitamina D y los lípidos marinos son los que presentan mayor evidencia. Sin embargo, se necesitan más ensayos clínicos controlados para confirmar una relación directa entre el empleo de estos compuestos y la evolución tumoral o la supervivencia en CM.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed tumor in women and it continues to be the leading cause of cancer death in women. Quality of life decreases significantly during treatment and in the survivors. There is growing evidence linking the intake of certain foods, or their bioactive compounds, with better prognosis of the disease or improvements in physiological parameters that can increase BC patients' quality of life. But there are hardly any reviews to clarify the scientific evidence. Objectives: gathering and summarizing the available evidence on the effectiveness of the dietary compounds use as coadjuvants for BC treatment. Method: literature search using Pubmed to identify and analyze bioactive compounds as coadjvants for BC treatment. Results: all tested compounds showed antitumor effects in vitro. Vvitamin D decrease risk of bone fracture, and marine lipids may reduce bone resorption and inflammation. Conclusion: there are bioactive compounds with potential to improve the quality of life of women with BC. Vitamin D a marine lipids provide a solid quality scientific evidence. Despite this, more controlled clinical trials are required to establish a direct link between the use of these compounds and the tumor progression or patient survival.

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          Most cited references34

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          Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Breast Cancer Survivors.

          Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is of increasing concern among breast cancer survivors. However, the burden of this comorbidity in this group relative to the general population, and its temporal pattern, remains unknown.
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            Genetics of breast cancer: a topic in evolution.

            A hereditary predisposition to breast cancer significantly influences screening and follow-up recommendations for high-risk women. However, in patients with a suggestive personal and/or family history, a specific predisposing gene is identified in <30% of cases. Up to 25% of hereditary cases are due to a mutation in one of the few identified rare, but highly penetrant genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, PTEN, TP53, CDH1, and STK11), which confer up to an 80% lifetime risk of breast cancer. An additional 2%-3% of cases are due to a mutation in a rare, moderate-penetrance gene (e.g. CHEK2, BRIP1, ATM, and PALB2), each associated with a twofold increase in risk. Prediction models suggest that there are unlikely to be additional yet to be identified high-penetrance genes. Investigation of common, low-penetrance alleles contributing to risk in a polygenic fashion has yielded a small number of suggestive single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), but the contributive risk of an individual SNP is quite small. Mutation testing is currently recommended for individual genes in the appropriate clinical setting where there is a high index of suspicion for a specific mutated gene or syndrome. Next-generation sequencing offers a new venue for risk assessment. At the present time, there are clear clinical guidelines for individuals with a mutation in a high-penetrance gene. Otherwise, standard models are used to predict an individual's lifetime risk by clinical and family history rather than genomic information.
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              Preventable Incidence and Mortality of Carcinoma Associated With Lifestyle Factors Among White Adults in the United States.

              Lifestyle factors are important for cancer development. However, a recent study has been interpreted to suggest that random mutations during stem cell divisions are the major contributor to human cancer.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                nh
                Nutrición Hospitalaria
                Nutr. Hosp.
                Grupo Arán (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0212-1611
                1699-5198
                2018
                : 35
                : spe6
                : 64-69
                Affiliations
                [1] Madrid orgnameHospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ) orgdiv1Departamento de Nutrición Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Spain
                Article
                S0212-16112018001200015 S0212-1611(18)03500600015
                10.20960/nh.2291
                8ad169c0-8292-4a1c-be58-f50d0f586929

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Trabajos Originales

                Adjuvant,Omega-3,Food,Cáncer de mama,Alimentos,Vitamin D,Breast cancer,Coadyuvante,Vitamina D

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