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      Ectopic ureter, renal dysplasia, and recurrent epididymitis in an infant: case report and review of the literature

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          Abstract

          Key Clinical Message

          The most common etiologies of acute scrotum in boys <1 year of age are torsion of the testis or an appendix, urogenital anomalies, and epididymitis. We report an infant with recurrent epididymitis associated with single-system ectopic ureter opening into the seminal vesicle and dysplastic right kidney. Treatment included nephroureterectomy.

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          Most cited references13

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          Epididymitis and orchitis: an overview.

          Epididymitis and orchitis are commonly seen in the outpatient setting. Men between 14 and 35 years of age are most often affected, and Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the most common pathogens in this age group. In other age groups, coliform bacteria are the primary pathogens. Men with epididymitis and orchitis typically present with a gradual onset of scrotal pain and symptoms of lower urinary tract infection, including fever. This presentation helps differentiate epididymitis and orchitis from testicular torsion, which is a surgical emergency. Typical physical findings include a swollen, tender epididymis or testis located in the normal anatomic position with an intact ipsilateral cremasteric reflex. Laboratory studies, including urethral Gram stain, urinalysis and culture, and polymerase chain reaction assay for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae, help guide therapy. Initial outpatient therapy is empirical and targets the most common pathogens. When C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae are suspected, ceftriaxone and doxycycline are recommended. When coliform bacteria are suspected, ofloxacin or levofloxacin is recommended.
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            Sexually transmitted brucellosis in humans.

            Sexual transmission of brucellosis has rarely been reported in humans. We describe 2 cases of probable sexual transmission of Brucella from husband to wife. In 1 case, orchidoepididimitis existed, whereas in the other case, the presence of Brucella in the semen in the absence of genital symptoms was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction.
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              Acute epididymitis and urinary tract anomalies in children.

              To evaluate the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) and genitourinary malformations in children presenting with acute epididymitis.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Clin Case Rep
                Clin Case Rep
                ccr3
                Clinical Case Reports
                Blackwell Publishing Ltd (Oxford, UK )
                2050-0904
                2050-0904
                February 2014
                17 January 2014
                : 2
                : 1
                : 7-9
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Medical University of Warsaw Marszałkowska 24, 00-576, Warsaw, Poland
                [2 ]Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw Marszałkowska 24, 00-576, Warsaw, Poland
                Author notes
                Agnieszka Szmigielska, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Marszałkowska 24, 00-576 Warsaw, Poland. Tel: +48 22 5227496; Fax: +48 22 6219863; E-mail: agnieszka.szmigielska@ 123456wum.edu.pl

                Funding Information No funding information provided.

                Article
                10.1002/ccr3.36
                4184763
                8af8b300-e2b1-4321-8a5d-6617a2d9e576
                © 2013 The Authors. Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

                History
                : 28 May 2013
                : 15 September 2013
                : 18 October 2013
                Categories
                Case Reports

                acute scrotum,ectopic ureter,epididymitis,nephrectomy,renal dysplasia

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