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      The understorey of gorgonian forests in mesophotic temperate reefs

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          Plant diversity in tropical forests: a review of mechanisms of species coexistence

          Evidence concerning mechanisms hypothesized to explain species coexistence in hyper-diverse communities is reviewed for tropical forest plants. Three hypotheses receive strong support. Niche differences are evident from non-random spatial distributions along micro-topographic gradients and from a survivorship-growth tradeoff during regeneration. Host-specific pests reduce recruitment near reproductive adults (the Janzen-Connell effect), and, negative density dependence occurs over larger spatial scales among the more abundant species and may regulate their populations. A fourth hypothesis, that suppressed understory plants rarely come into competition with one another, has not been considered before and has profound implications for species coexistence. These hypotheses are mutually compatible. Infrequent competition among suppressed understory plants, niche differences, and Janzen-Connell effects may facilitate the coexistence of the many rare plant species found in tropical forests while negative density dependence regulates the few most successful and abundant species.
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            Mass mortality in Northwestern Mediterranean rocky benthic communities: effects of the 2003 heat wave

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              Benthic suspension feeders: their paramount role in littoral marine food webs.

              In recent years, particular attention has been paid to coupling and energy transfer between benthos and plankton. Because of their abundance, certain benthic suspension feeders have been shown to have a major impact in marine ecosystems. They capture large quantities of particles and might directly regulate primary production and indirectly regulate secondary production in littoral food chains. Suspension feeders develop dense, three-dimensional communities whose structural complexity depends on flow speed. It has been postulated that these communities can self-organize to enhance food capture and thus establish boundary systems capable of successfully exploiting a less structured system, namely, the plankton.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
                Aquatic Conserv: Mar Freshw Ecosyst
                Wiley
                10527613
                October 2018
                October 2018
                July 12 2018
                : 28
                : 5
                : 1153-1166
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA) & Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA); University of Bologna; Ravenna Italy
                [2 ]Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa); Roma Italy
                [3 ]Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA); Polytechnic University of Marche; Ancona Italy
                [4 ]Istituto di Scienze Marine (ISMAR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Bologna Italy
                [5 ]Dipartimento di Beni Culturali (DBC) & Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA); University of Bologna; Ravenna Italy
                Article
                10.1002/aqc.2928
                8b36fe1d-4e8f-4628-94a4-08cd8f5ad9a5
                © 2018

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

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