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Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) phosphorylate inositol lipids at the 3' position
of the inositol ring to generate the 3-phosphoinositides PI(3)P, PI(3,4) P2 and PI(3,4,5)
P3. Recent research has shown that one way in which these lipids function in signal
transduction and membrane trafficking is by interacting with 3-phosphoinositide-binding
modules in a broad variety of proteins. Specifically, certain FYVE domains bind PI(3)P
whereas certain pleckstrin homology domains bind PI(3,4) P2 and/or PI(3,4,5) P3. Also
in 1998, PTEN - a major tumour suppressor in human cancer - was also shown to antagonise
PI3K signalling by removing the 3-phosphate from 3-phosphoinositides.