Associations between childhood abuse experience, parent-child relationship and non-suicidal self-injury in middle school students

Abstract

Objective The aim of this paper is to understand the associations between childhood abuse experience, parent- child relationship and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in middle school students.

Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 14 500 middle school students from Shenzhen, Zhengzhou, Nanchang and Guiyang as participants. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information on childhood abuse exposure, parent-child relationship and NSSI.

Results The prevalence of NSSI was 14.81%, while it was higher among male students (15.95%) than female students (13.64%) (χ ² = 15.29, P<0.01). A multivariate Logistic regression models showed that the moderate and high level of childhood abuse ( OR = 2.23, 3.27) and the low level of parents-child relationship ( OR = 1.80, 1.36) were associated with high NSSI detection rate among middle school students ( P <0.01). In each group of childhood abuse, low level of father-child relationship was associated with high NSSI detection rate among middle school students ( OR =1.36, 1.34, 1.56, P<0.05). In the group with high level of childhood abuse experience, low level of mother-child relationship was associated with high NSSI detection rate ( OR = 1.20, P<0.05). Among male students, those with high level of childhood abuse experience, low level of parent-child relationship were associated with high NSSI detection rate ( OR = 1.46, 1.35, P<0.01) ； regardless of the level of childhood abuse experience, low level of father-daughter relationship was associated with NSSI detection rate ( OR =1.64, 1.54, 1.68, P<0.01) among females.

Conclusion Childhood abuse experience and poor parent- child relationship are associated with NSSI in middle school students, with distinct gender difference. Prevention of childhood abuse and the improvement of parent-child relationship are beneficial to the prevention and control of NSSI.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解童年期虐待经历和亲子关系与中学生非自杀性自伤行为 (non- _Suicidal self-injury, NSSI)的关联, 为中学生NSSI的防控提供参考。 方法 采用分层整群抽样方法, 选取深圳、郑州、南昌和贵阳4个地区14 500名在校中学 生, 采用儿童期虐待问卷、亲子关系问卷、NSSI问卷进行调查。 结果 中学生NSSI检出率为14.81%, 男生 (15.95%)高于 女生 (13.64%), 差异有统计学意义 (χ ² = 15.29, P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归模型显示, 中、高水平童年期虐待 ( OR 值分别 为2.23, 3.27)以及低水平的父亲/子女和母亲/子女关系 ( OR 值分别为1.80, 1.36)均与中学生高NSSI检出率相关联 ( P 值 均<0.01)。在低、中、高童年期虐待水平组, 低水平的父亲/子女关系与中学生高NSSI检出率相关联 ( OR 值分别为1.36, 1.34, 1.56, P值均<0.05);在高水平童年期虐待组, 低水平的母亲/子女关系与中学生高NSSI检出率相关联 ( OR =1.20, P< 0.05)。男生在高水平童年期虐待组中, 低水平的父子关系和母子关系均与中学生高NSSI检出率相关联 ( OR值分别为 1.46, 1.35, P 值均<0.01);女生在各童年期虐待水平组中, 低水平的父女关系均与其NSSI的检出率相关联 ( OR 值分别为 1.64, 1.54, 1.68, P 值均<0.01)。 结论 童年期虐待经历和不良亲子关系均与中学生NSSI相关联, 并表现为一定的性别差 异。预防童年期虐待, 改善亲子关系, 有益于中学生NSSI的防控。