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      Biodegradation: Updating the concepts of control for microbial cleanup in contaminated aquifers.

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          Abstract

          Biodegradation is one of the most favored and sustainable means of removing organic pollutants from contaminated aquifers but the major steering factors are still surprisingly poorly understood. Growing evidence questions some of the established concepts for control of biodegradation. Here, we critically discuss classical concepts such as the thermodynamic redox zonation, or the use of steady state transport scenarios for assessing biodegradation rates. Furthermore, we discuss if the absence of specific degrader populations can explain poor biodegradation. We propose updated perspectives on the controls of biodegradation in contaminant plumes. These include the plume fringe concept, transport limitations, and transient conditions as currently underestimated processes affecting biodegradation.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Environ. Sci. Technol.
          Environmental science & technology
          1520-5851
          0013-936X
          Jun 16 2015
          : 49
          : 12
          Affiliations
          [1 ] †University of Duisburg-Essen, Biofilm Centre, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany.
          [2 ] ○Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
          [3 ] ‡Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
          [4 ] §Laboratory of Bioengineering; Earth and Life Institute (ELI); Université Catholique de Louvain; Place Croix du Sud 2, L7.05.19, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
          [5 ] ∥Department of Environmental Engineering, Miljoevej, building 113, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
          [6 ] ⊥Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
          [7 ] ∇University of Gent, LabMET, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
          [8 ] ◆Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom.
          [9 ] ¶CSB Centre for Systems Biology, School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
          [10 ] ∞Division Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
          [11 ] #Department of Earth Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
          Article
          10.1021/acs.est.5b00715
          26000605
          8b97dec5-ad41-4909-aa14-53c4f4db46c3
          History

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