Clinical Translational Potential in Skin Wound Regeneration for Adipose-Derived, Blood-Derived, and Cellulose Materials: Cells, Exosomes, and Hydrogels

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Abstract

Acute and chronic skin wounds due to burns, pressure injuries, and trauma represent a substantial challenge to healthcare delivery with particular impacts on geriatric, paraplegic, and quadriplegic demographics worldwide. Nevertheless, the current standard of care relies extensively on preventive measures to mitigate pressure injury, surgical debridement, skin flap procedures, and negative pressure wound vacuum measures. This article highlights the potential of adipose-, blood-, and cellulose-derived products (cells, decellularized matrices and scaffolds, and exosome and secretome factors) as a means to address this unmet medical need. The current status of this research area is evaluated and discussed in the context of promising avenues for future discovery.

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Most cited references 164

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Nanocelluloses: a new family of nature-based materials.

Dieter Klemm, Friederike Krämer, Sebastian Moritz … (2011)

Cellulose fibrils with widths in the nanometer range are nature-based materials with unique and potentially useful features. Most importantly, these novel nanocelluloses open up the strongly expanding fields of sustainable materials and nanocomposites, as well as medical and life-science devices, to the natural polymer cellulose. The nanodimensions of the structural elements result in a high surface area and hence the powerful interaction of these celluloses with surrounding species, such as water, organic and polymeric compounds, nanoparticles, and living cells. This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.

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RGD and other recognition sequences for integrins.

E Ruoslahti (1996)

Proteins that contain the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) attachment site, together with the integrins that serve as receptors for them, constitute a major recognition system for cell adhesion. The RGD sequence is the cell attachment site of a large number of adhesive extracellular matrix, blood, and cell surface proteins, and nearly half of the over 20 known integrins recognize this sequence in their adhesion protein ligands. Some other integrins bind to related sequences in their ligands. The integrin-binding activity of adhesion proteins can be reproduced by short synthetic peptides containing the RGD sequence. Such peptides promote cell adhesion when insolubilized onto a surface, and inhibit it when presented to cells in solution. Reagents that bind selectively to only one or a few of the RGD-directed integrins can be designed by cyclizing peptides with selected sequences around the RGD and by synthesizing RGD mimics. As the integrin-mediated cell attachment influences and regulates cell migration, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, the RGD peptides and mimics can be used to probe integrin functions in various biological systems. Drug design based on the RGD structure may provide new treatments for diseases such as thrombosis, osteoporosis, and cancer.

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Multilineage cells from human adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies.

P A Zuk, M. Zhu, H. Mizuno … (2001)

Future cell-based therapies such as tissue engineering will benefit from a source of autologous pluripotent stem cells. For mesodermal tissue engineering, one such source of cells is the bone marrow stroma. The bone marrow compartment contains several cell populations, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are capable of differentiating into adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and myogenic cells. However, autologous bone marrow procurement has potential limitations. An alternate source of autologous adult stem cells that is obtainable in large quantities, under local anesthesia, with minimal discomfort would be advantageous. In this study, we determined if a population of stem cells could be isolated from human adipose tissue. Human adipose tissue, obtained by suction-assisted lipectomy (i.e., liposuction), was processed to obtain a fibroblast-like population of cells or a processed lipoaspirate (PLA). These PLA cells can be maintained in vitro for extended periods with stable population doubling and low levels of senescence. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry show that the majority of PLA cells are of mesodermal or mesenchymal origin with low levels of contaminating pericytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. Finally, PLA cells differentiate in vitro into adipogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, and osteogenic cells in the presence of lineage-specific induction factors. In conclusion, the data support the hypothesis that a human lipoaspirate contains multipotent cells and may represent an alternative stem cell source to bone marrow-derived MSCs.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomolecules

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomolecules

Journal ID (publisher-id): biomolecules

Title: Biomolecules

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 2218-273X

Publication date (Electronic): 27 September 2020

Publication date Collection: October 2020

Volume: 10

Issue: 10

Electronic Location Identifier: 1373

Affiliations

[1 ]Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; andrea.alarcon@ 123456obatalasciences.com (A.A.); xiying.wu@ 123456obatalasciences.com (X.W.)

[2 ]LaCell LLC, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA

[3 ]Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; omohiudd@ 123456tulane.edu

[4 ]Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 29814, USA; jmmotherwell@ 123456gmail.com

[5 ]United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA; anders.h.carlsson.ctr@ 123456mail.mil (A.H.C.); robert.j.christy12.civ@ 123456mail.mil (R.J.C.)

[6 ]Southern Regional Research Center-USDA-ARS, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; vince.edwards@ 123456usda.gov (J.V.E.); Robert.Mackin@ 123456usda.gov (R.T.M.); nicolette.prevost@ 123456usda.gov (N.P.)

[7 ]Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; egloster@ 123456xula.edu (E.G.); qzhang@ 123456xula.edu (Q.Z.); gwang@ 123456xula.edu (G.W.)

[8 ]Department of Biomedical Engineering, State College, Pennsylvania State University, Centre County, PA 16802, USA; djh195@ 123456psu.edu

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: trivia.frazier@ 123456obatalasciences.com (T.F.); jeffrey.gimble@ 123456obatalasciences.com (J.M.G.); Tel.: +1-(504)-300-0266 (T.F. & J.M.G.)

Article

Publisher ID: biomolecules-10-01373

DOI: 10.3390/biom10101373

PMC ID: 7650547

PubMed ID: 32992554

SO-VID: 8bb108a6-f1a0-4cd4-b940-ec3e7aaedf93

License:

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Clinical Translational Potential in Skin Wound Regeneration for Adipose-Derived, Blood-Derived, and Cellulose Materials: Cells, Exosomes, and Hydrogels

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Abstract

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Karger: Oncology

Most cited references 164

Nanocelluloses: a new family of nature-based materials.

RGD and other recognition sequences for integrins.

Multilineage cells from human adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies.

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