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      Deoxygenation-enhanced chemical looping gasification: a new pathway to produce hydrogen from biomass

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          Abstract

          A new pathway to produce hydrogen from biomass is proposed: deoxygenation-enhanced chemical looping gasification.

          Abstract

          Biomass to hydrogen production has been regarded as a potential approach for green hydrogen synthesis. However, carbon dioxide and bio-tar are inevitably produced, which critically restricts the refinement of biomass-derived syngas. In this study, deoxygenation-enhanced chemical looping biomass gasification (DE-CLBG) is proposed for hydrogen-rich syngas production together with CO 2/H 2O deoxygenation and catalytic bio-tar removal using the composite Fe/CaO as the deoxidizer. The DE-CLBG process is comprised of a deoxygenated gasification stage and a regeneration stage. During the deoxygenated gasification stage, the deoxidizer is converted under steam gasification via CaO + Fe + O 2− → Ca 2Fe 2O 5 with biochar generation; at the regeneration stage, biochar is further gasified with the achievement of deoxidizer reduction via Ca 2Fe 2O 5 + C → CaO + Fe + CO x . Experimental results show that the hydrogen production and maximum concentration upon applying 0.300 g of deoxidizer per g of biomass are 6.70 mmol and 89.61 vol%, which was increased by 287% and 27%, respectively, compared with the non-deoxygenated process. Results from the Mössbauer spectrum show that Fe 0 is finally transformed into Fe 3+ in the form of Ca 2Fe 2O 5 and a small amount of Fe 3O 4, corresponding to the deoxygenation efficiency of 99.21%. The NMR results imply that aromatic carbon is the main form in biochar whether introducing deoxidizer or not, and deoxygenation can promote the removal of O-alkyl C.

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          Hydrogen production from steam gasification of biomass: Influence of process parameters on hydrogen yield – A review

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            New concepts in biomass gasification

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              Biomass-based chemical looping technologies: the good, the bad and the future

              This review article focuses on the challenges and opportunities of biomass-based chemical looping technologies and explores fundamentals, recent developments and future perspectives. Biomass is a promising renewable energy resource despite its low energy density, high moisture content and complex ash components. The use of biomass in energy production is considered to be approximately carbon neutral, and if it is combined with carbon capture technology, the overall energy conversion may even be negative in terms of net CO 2 emission, which is known as BECCS (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage). The initial development of BECCS technologies often proposes the installation of a CO 2 capture unit downstream of the conventional thermochemical conversion processes, which comprise combustion, pyrolysis or gasification. Although these approaches would benefit from the adaptation of already well developed energy conversion processes and CO 2 capture technologies, they are limited in terms of materials and energy integration as well as systems engineering, which could lead to truly disruptive technologies for BECCS. Recently, a new generation of transformative energy conversion technologies including chemical looping have been developed. In particular, chemical looping employs solid looping materials and it uniquely allows inherent capture of CO 2 during the conversion of fuels. In this review, the benefits, challenges, and prospects of biomass-based chemical looping technologies in various configurations have been discussed in-depth to provide important insight into the development of innovative BECCS technologies based on chemical looping.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                GRCHFJ
                Green Chemistry
                Green Chem.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                1463-9262
                1463-9270
                March 21 2022
                2022
                : 24
                : 6
                : 2613-2623
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P.R. China
                [2 ]Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
                [3 ]Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
                Article
                10.1039/D1GC04733G
                8be259d2-8cc0-4a70-8db5-b7b2ab431951
                © 2022

                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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