New bounds on dark matter coupling from a global network of optical atomic clocks

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Abstract

The first Earth-scale quantum sensor network based on optical atomic clocks is looking for dark matter candidates.

Abstract

We report on the first Earth-scale quantum sensor network based on optical atomic clocks aimed at dark matter (DM) detection. Exploiting differences in the susceptibilities to the fine-structure constant of essential parts of an optical atomic clock, i.e., the cold atoms and the optical reference cavity, we can perform sensitive searches for DM signatures without the need for real-time comparisons of the clocks. We report a two orders of magnitude improvement in constraints on transient variations of the fine-structure constant, which considerably improves the detection limit for the standard model (SM)–DM coupling. We use Yb and Sr optical atomic clocks at four laboratories on three continents to search for both topological defect and massive scalar field candidates. No signal consistent with a DM coupling is identified, leading to considerably improved constraints on the DM-SM couplings.

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Most cited references 49

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First results from the LUX dark matter experiment at the Sanford underground research facility.

D. S. Akerib, Diego H. M. Araújo, X Bai … (2014)

The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment is a dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota). The LUX cryostat was filled for the first time in the underground laboratory in February 2013. We report results of the first WIMP search data set, taken during the period from April to August 2013, presenting the analysis of 85.3 live days of data with a fiducial volume of 118 kg. A profile-likelihood analysis technique shows our data to be consistent with the background-only hypothesis, allowing 90% confidence limits to be set on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering with a minimum upper limit on the cross section of 7.6 × 10(-46) cm(2) at a WIMP mass of 33 GeV/c(2). We find that the LUX data are in disagreement with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations of the results from several recent direct detection experiments.

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Test of the equivalence principle using a rotating torsion balance.

S Schlamminger, K-Y Choi, T. Wagner … (2008)

We used a continuously rotating torsion balance instrument to measure the acceleration difference of beryllium and titanium test bodies towards sources at a variety of distances. Our result Deltaa(N),(Be-Ti)=(0.6+/-3.1)x10(-15) m/s2 improves limits on equivalence-principle violations with ranges from 1 m to infinity by an order of magnitude. The Eötvös parameter is eta(Earth,Be-Ti)=(0.3+/-1.8)x10(-13). By analyzing our data for accelerations towards the center of the Milky Way we find equal attractions of Be and Ti towards galactic dark matter, yielding eta(DM,Be-Ti)=(-4+/-7)x10(-5). Space-fixed differential accelerations in any direction are limited to less than 8.8x10(-15) m/s2 with 95% confidence.

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First results from the LUX dark matter experiment at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

T Shutt, T. J. Sumner, A. Bolozdynya … (2013)

The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment, a dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota), was cooled and filled in February 2013. We report results of the first WIMP search dataset, taken during the period April to August 2013, presenting the analysis of 85.3 live-days of data with a fiducial volume of 118 kg. A profile-likelihood analysis technique shows our data to be consistent with the background-only hypothesis, allowing 90% confidence limits to be set on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering with a minimum upper limit on the cross section of \(7.6 \times 10^{-46}\) cm\(^{2}\) at a WIMP mass of 33 GeV/c\(^2\). We find that the LUX data are in strong disagreement with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations of the results from several recent direct detection experiments.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Adv

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Adv

Journal ID (publisher-id): SciAdv

Journal ID (hwp): advances

Title: Science Advances

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science

ISSN (Electronic): 2375-2548

Publication date Collection: December 2018

Publication date (Electronic): 07 December 2018

Volume: 4

Issue: 12

Electronic Location Identifier: eaau4869

Affiliations

[1 ]Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziądzka 5, PL-87-100 Toruń, Poland.

[2 ]JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Colorado, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA.

[3 ]National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305–3337, USA.

[4 ]LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61 avenue de l’Observatoire 75014 Paris, France.

[5 ]Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA.

[6 ]National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukuikitamachi, Koganei, 184-8795 Tokyo, Japan.

[7 ]National Physical Laboratory (NPL), Teddington TW11 0LW, UK.

Author notes

[* ]Corresponding author. Email: zawada@ 123456fizyka.umk.pl

Author information

P. Wcisło http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-4473

M. Bober http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-6870

R. Brown http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8228-4283

T. Ido http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-6042

J. Lodewyck http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0808-6964

P. Morzyński http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6178-0934

D. Nicolodi http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1467-1756

M. Sekido http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9038-6917

R. Le Targat http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8740-1709

B. Zjawin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1145-3828

M. Zawada http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2826-5129

Article

Publisher ID: aau4869

DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau4869

PMC ID: 6286165

PubMed ID: 30539146

SO-VID: 8c29757e-3ed1-4af2-8d68-64196b404f60

Copyright © Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 14 June 2018

Date accepted : 07 November 2018

Funding

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000104, National Aeronautics and Space Administration;

Award ID: fundamental physics

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000161, National Institute of Standards and Technology;

Award ID: N/A

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000185, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency;

Award ID: QuASAR

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665, Agence Nationale de la Recherche;

Award ID: Labex First-TF ANR-10-LABX-48-01

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science;

Award ID: International Research Fellow

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001870, Foundation For Polish Science;

Award ID: A next-generation worldwide quantum sensor network with optical atomic clocks

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002830, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales;

Award ID: N/A

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003990, Conseil Régional, Île-de-France;

Award ID: DIM Nano’K

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007601, Horizon 2020;

Award ID: EMPIR 15SIB03 OC18

Funded by: Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education;

Award ID: a National Laboratory FAMO (KL FAMO) subsidy

Funded by: National Science Centre, Poland;

Award ID: 015/19/D/ST2/02195

Funded by: Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education;

Award ID: Mobility Plus

Funded by: National Science Centre, Poland;

Award ID: QuatERA 2017/25/Z/ST2/03021

Funded by: National Science Centre, Poland;

Award ID: 2016/21/D/ST4/00903

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Copyeditor Jeanelle Ebreo

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New bounds on dark matter coupling from a global network of optical atomic clocks

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Atomic Force Microscopy

Most cited references 49

First results from the LUX dark matter experiment at the Sanford underground research facility.

Test of the equivalence principle using a rotating torsion balance.

First results from the LUX dark matter experiment at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

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