The role of emotion regulation as a mediator between early life stress and posttraumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety in Syrian refugees

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Abstract

Early life stress is an important factor in later psychopathology, including symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of early life stress on psychiatric symptoms within a sample of Syrian refugees. In this model, the use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies was assessed as a potential mediator of the relationship between early life stress and current symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety. Bootstrap analyses were generated to test the indirect effect of emotion regulation (Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire) on the relationship between early life stress (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire), PTSD (Harvard Trauma Questionnaire), depressive (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7) symptoms in eighty-nine Syrian refugees resided in Germany ( n = 49) and Jordan ( n = 40). The indirect effect of maladaptive strategies was significant between early life stress and psychopathology, whereas the mediation effect of adaptive strategies was not significant. The findings provide an evidence that emotional dysregulation is an underlying factor affecting psychological symptoms in refugees with adverse childhood experiences. These results suggest targeting cognitive emotion regulation in prospective prevention and treatment strategies.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Malek Bajbouj:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0073-3322

malek.bajbouj@charite.de

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Transl Psychiatry

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Transl Psychiatry

Title: Translational Psychiatry

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 2158-3188

Publication date (Electronic): 2 November 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 2 November 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 10

Electronic Location Identifier: 371

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.7468.d, ISNI 0000 0001 2248 7639, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, ; Berlin, Germany

[2 ]GRID grid.7468.d, ISNI 0000 0001 2248 7639, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, ; Berlin, Germany

Author information

Zaynab Demir http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8388-4881

Yan Fan http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4864-859X

Corinna Hartling http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-0232

Joachim Seybold http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1444-8976

Malek Bajbouj http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0073-3322

Article

Publisher ID: 1062

DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01062-3

PMC ID: 7606478

PubMed ID: 33139699

SO-VID: 8c6e215b-a49b-41af-af0b-4eee059e0f6a

License:

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.