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      Short Form of the Chinese Version Diabetes Quality of Life for Youth Scale : A psychometric testing in Taiwanese adolescents with type 1 diabetes

      brief-report
      Author(s): , PHD, RN 1 , , MD 2 , , MD 3 , , DNSC, RN 4 , , MD, MS 5 , 6
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Diabetes Care
      Publisher: American Diabetes Association

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          Abstract

          OBJECTIVE

          To test the psychometric properties of the short form of the Chinese version Diabetes Quality of Life for Youth scale (C-DQOLY-SF).

          RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

          A 30-item C-DQOLY-SF was administered to 371 adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, correlation with HbA 1c, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were used to examine the psychometric characteristics of C-DQOLY-SF.

          RESULTS

          A 25-item questionnaire with three correlated second-order factor structures best fitted data. Scores on the 25-item C-DQOLY-SF significantly correlated with HbA 1c values. Cronbach’s α and ICCs of each scale and subscale ranged from 0.77 to 0.90 and from 0.70 to 0.92, respectively.

          CONCLUSIONS

          The C-DQOLY-SF has satisfactory reliability and validity. The C-DQOLY-SF can be conveniently used in clinical settings to assess the quality of life of adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

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          The PedsQL in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: reliability and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scales and type 1 Diabetes Module.

          J W Varni, T. M. Burwinkle, J R Jacobs … (2003)
          The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) is a modular instrument designed to measure health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents aged 2-18 years. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales are child self-report and parent proxy-report scales developed as the generic core measure to be integrated with the PedsQL disease-specific modules. The PedsQL 3.0 Type 1 Diabetes Module was designed to measure diabetes-specific HRQOL. The PedsQL Generic Core Scales and Diabetes Module were administered to 300 pediatric patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and 308 parents. Internal consistency reliability for the PedsQL Generic Core Total Scale score (alpha = 0.88 child, 0.89 parent-report) and most Diabetes Module scales (average alpha = 0.71 child, 0.77 parent-report) was acceptable for group comparisons. The PedsQL 4.0 distinguished between healthy children and children with diabetes. The Diabetes Module demonstrated intercorrelations with dimensions of generic and diabetes-specific HRQOL. The results demonstrate the reliability and validity of the PedsQL in diabetes. The PedsQL may be used as an outcome measure for diabetes clinical trials and research.
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            Health-related quality of life of children and adolescents with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus: SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

            M Naughton, , Beth Loots … (2008)
            To examine the associations between demographic and diabetes management variables and the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of youths with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Cross-sectional study. Selected populations in Ohio, Washington, South Carolina, Colorado, Hawaii, and California; health service beneficiaries in 3 American Indian populations; and participants in the Pima Indian Study in Arizona. Two thousand four hundred forty-five participants aged 8 to 22 years in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory scores. Among youths with type 2 DM, HRQOL was lower compared with those with type 1. Among those with type 1 DM, worse HRQOL was associated with a primary insurance source of Medicaid or another government-funded insurance, use of insulin injections vs an insulin pump, a hemoglobin A(1c) value of at least 9%, and more comorbidities and diabetes complications. There was a significant age x sex interaction, such that, in older groups, HRQOL was lower for girls but higher for boys. For youths with type 2 DM, injecting insulin at least 3 times a day compared with using an oral or no diabetes medication was associated with better HRQOL, and having 2 or more emergency department visits in the past 6 months was associated with worse HRQOL. Youths with types 1 and 2 DM reported HRQOL differences by type of treatment and complications. The significant age x sex interaction suggests that interventions to improve HRQOL should consider gender differences in diabetes adjustment and management in different age groups.
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              Measuring self-reported, health-related, quality of life in adolescents with type 1 diabetes using both generic and disease-specific instruments.

              O Søvik, Maria Larsen, M Graue … (2003)
              To describe perceived functional health and well-being and diabetes-related impact, worry and satisfaction with life in relation to demographic and clinical variables in a population of adolescents with type 1 diabetes. To compare perceived functional health and well-being between adolescents with diabetes and a group of healthy controls and to analyse the relationship between generic functional health and well-being and diabetes-related impact, worry and satisfaction with life. A total of 130 adolescents were invited to complete the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ-CF87) and the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) questionnaire modified for youths. A total of 115 (88.5%) subjects participated in the study; mean age 14.5 y (SD 1.86), mean duration of diabetes 6.99 y (SD 3.77, range 1-16 y), mean HbA1c 9.3% (SD 1.62, range 6.2-14.0%). Forty-eight percent of the subjects were girls. When compared with healthy adolescents, subjects with diabetes reported a significantly lower degree of general health. The CHQ-CF87 scales showed that higher age in adolescents with diabetes was associated with lower scores for mental health (p < 0.001), self-esteem (p < 0.001), behaviour (p = 0.004) and general health (p < 0.001). Findings from the DQOL questionnaire showed that older adolescents were more worried (p < 0.001), perceived a greater impact of diabetes on daily life (p = 0.008) and lower diabetes-related life satisfaction (p < 0.001). The scores for girls were lower than those for boys in assessment of mental health (p < 0.001), self-esteem (p = 0.004) and family cohesion (p = 0.002). Girls also reported a greater impact of diabetes (p = 0.028), more worries (p = 0.001) and less satisfaction with life (p = 0.006) than boys. Neither HbA1c, nor other clinical variables could sufficiently explain the variations in DQOL or CHQ-CF87. Health-related quality of life varied significantly by age and gender, but less so by HbA1c and other clinical variables. Adolescents with diabetes reported a significantly lower degree of general health than that reported by healthy controls. The CHQ-CF87 is a valuable supplement to DQOL, allowing for comparisons with the general population.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Diabetes Care
                Journal ID (hwp): diacare
                Journal ID (pmc): dcare
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Diabetes Care
                Title: Diabetes Care
                Publisher: American Diabetes Association
                ISSN (Print): 0149-5992
                ISSN (Electronic): 1935-5548
                Publication date (Print): September 2011
                Publication date (Electronic): 19 August 2011
                Volume: 34
                Issue: 9
                Pages: 1943-1945
                Affiliations
                [1] 1College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
                [2] 2Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chung Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
                [3] 3Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
                [4] 4Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Ping Tung, Taiwan
                [5] 5Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
                [6] 6Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Yann-Jinn Lee, yannlee@ 123456ms2.mmh.org.tw .
                Article
                Publisher ID: 0705
                DOI: 10.2337/dc11-0705
                PMC ID: 3161278
                PubMed ID: 21788630
                SO-VID: 8cc04548-a06c-4da8-982d-f38025140757
                Copyright © © 2011 by the American Diabetes Association.
                License:

                Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.

                History
                Date received : 14 April 2011
                Date accepted : 19 June 2011
                Categories
                Subject: Original Research
                Subject: Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition/Psychosocial Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes

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