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      An overview of the impact of COVID-19 on road traffic safety and travel behavior

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          Abstract

          The COVID-19 epidemic caused global roads and highway networks to be disrupted to historic proportions. While the world is focused on combating COVID-19 pandemic, people are still dying and being injured as a result of traffic collisions on the highways owing to movement restrictions. Although the impact of shutdown mechanisms on traffic safety is still being studied, initial studies reveal a decrease in traffic flow and a rise in risky driving behaviors. On the other hand, it is important to investigate how the epidemic has influenced travel behavioral characteristics in order to design mobility regulations for the post-COVID-19 future. Considering numerous investigations, the present study attempts to provide an overview of the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on road traffic crashes, deaths, and injuries, as well as road travel behavior. The magnitude of COVID-19 was found to result in fewer crashes and injuries, as well as a reduction in road safety performance, but substantially greater serious accidents. According to a study of many papers, Travel objective, method of transportation, mileage traveled, and numbers of trips for principal travel were considerably different before and during the epidemic. The result of this study have significant legislative ramifications and also can help to guide how further lockdowns are managed in terms of traffic safety and travel behavior.

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          Exploring the Impacts of COVID-19 on Travel Behavior and Mode Preferences

          Muhammad Tariq Abdullah, Charitha Dias, Deepti Muley … (2020)
          Highlights • Travel behavior before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was explored. • Significant change in primary purpose of traveling was observed due to the pandemic. • People tend to use less public transport and more private cars during pandemic. • Modal shift to active mode sfrom public transport and paratransit was significant. • People placed more priority on pandemic related factors when choosing a mode.
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            How is COVID-19 reshaping activity-travel behavior? Evidence from a comprehensive survey in Chicago

            Ali Shamshiripour, Ehsan Rahimi, Ramin Shabanpour … (2020)
            The novel COVID-19 pandemic has caused upheaval around the world and has led to drastic changes in our daily routines. Long-established routines such as commuting to workplace and in-store shopping are being replaced by telecommuting and online shopping. Many of these shifts were already underway for a long time, but the pandemic has accelerated them remarkably. This research is an effort to investigate how and to what extent people's mobility-styles and habitual travel behaviors have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore whether these changes will persist afterward or will bounce back to the pre-pandemic situation. To do so, a stated preference-revealed preference (SP-RP) survey is designed and implemented in the Chicago metropolitan area. The survey incorporates a comprehensive set of questions associated with individuals' travel behaviors, habits, and perceptions before and during the pandemic, as well as their expectations about the future. Analysis of the collected data reveals significant changes in various aspects of people's travel behavior. We also provide several insights for policymakers to be able to proactively plan for more equitable, sustainable, and resilient cities.
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              Is public transport a risk factor for acute respiratory infection?

              Joy Troko, Puja Myles, Jack Gibson … (2011)
              Background The relationship between public transport use and acquisition of acute respiratory infection (ARI) is not well understood but potentially important during epidemics and pandemics. Methods A case-control study performed during the 2008/09 influenza season. Cases (n = 72) consulted a General Practitioner with ARI, and controls with another non-respiratory acute condition (n = 66). Data were obtained on bus or tram usage in the five days preceding illness onset (cases) or the five days before consultation (controls) alongside demographic details. Multiple logistic regression modelling was used to investigate the association between bus or tram use and ARI, adjusting for potential confounders. Results Recent bus or tram use within five days of symptom onset was associated with an almost six-fold increased risk of consulting for ARI (adjusted OR = 5.94 95% CI 1.33-26.5). The risk of ARI appeared to be modified according to the degree of habitual bus and tram use, but this was not statistically significant (1-3 times/week: adjusted OR = 0.54 (95% CI 0.15-1.95; >3 times/week: 0.37 (95% CI 0.13-1.06). Conclusions We found a statistically significant association between ARI and bus or tram use in the five days before symptom onset. The risk appeared greatest among occasional bus or tram users, but this trend was not statistically significant. However, these data are plausible in relation to the greater likelihood of developing protective antibodies to common respiratory viruses if repeatedly exposed. The findings have differing implications for the control of seasonal acute respiratory infections and for pandemic influenza.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Transportation Engineering
                Publisher: The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
                ISSN (Print): 2666-691X
                ISSN (Electronic): 2666-691X
                Publication date PMC-release: 21 May 2022
                Publication date (Electronic): 21 May 2022
                Electronic Location Identifier: 100119
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Civil Engineering, Northern University of Business & Technology Khulna, Khulna, 9100, Bangladesh
                [b ]Department of Civil Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S2666-691X(22)00017-3 Publisher ID: 100119
                DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2022.100119
                PMC ID: 9123801
                SO-VID: 8cd67fca-366a-4639-9334-7687907810f4
                Copyright © © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                Date received : 22 January 2022
                Date revision received : 20 May 2022
                Date accepted : 20 May 2022
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: covid-19,road safety,travel behavior,overview,lockdown
                Data availability:
                Keywords: covid-19, road safety, travel behavior, overview, lockdown

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