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      International Journal of COPD (submit here)

      This international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal by Dove Medical Press focuses on pathophysiological processes underlying Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) interventions, patient focused education, and self-management protocols. Sign up for email alerts here.

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      Indacaterol improves daily physical activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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          Abstract

          Background

          The current mainstay of therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is long-acting bronchodilators. To date, the effect of indacaterol, a β2-agonist, on activities of daily living in COPD patients is not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of indacaterol with regard to activities of daily living in patients with COPD.

          Methods

          In this nonrandomized open-label study, 23 patients with COPD were instructed to carry an accelerometer for 4 weeks without indacaterol therapy and then for another period of 4 weeks while receiving indacaterol therapy.

          Results

          The number of steps, duration of moderate or greater physical activity, and energy expenditure were significantly increased after treatment with indacaterol compared with baseline data in all patients with COPD; the metabolic equivalent of task was also significantly enhanced after treatment with indacaterol.

          Conclusion

          This study provides early evidence that indacaterol improves daily physical activity in patients with COPD.

          Most cited references2

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          Indacaterol: a review of its use as maintenance therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

          Indacaterol inhalation powder (Onbrez® Breezhaler®) is a long-acting, selective β(2)-adrenoceptor agonist that is indicated for the maintenance bronchodilator treatment of airflow obstruction in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This article reviews the clinical efficacy and tolerability of indacaterol 150 and 300 μg once daily in adults with moderate to severe COPD, as well as reviewing indacaterol's pharmacological properties and results of a cost-utility analysis. Indacaterol has a fast onset of action after the first dose and is effective over 24 hours, allowing for once-daily administration. In short-term trials (≤21 days) in patients with COPD, once-daily indacaterol 150 or 300 μg significantly improved lung function, exercise endurance and lung hyperinflation relative to placebo. In large, longer-term clinical studies (12 weeks to 1 year) in patients with moderate to severe COPD, once-daily indacaterol 150 or 300 μg improved lung function (primary endpoint) significantly more than placebo, and improvements were significantly greater than twice-daily formoterol 12 μg or salmeterol 50 μg, and noninferior to once-daily tiotropium bromide 18 μg (all agents were administered via inhalation). Overall, indacaterol improved dyspnoea, use of rescue medication and general health status significantly more than placebo, salmeterol or tiotropium bromide, and the degree of improvement in these endpoints was similar to or greater than that achieved with formoterol. Improvements were sustained over the long term (1 year), with no evidence of tolerance. Combination therapy with indacaterol plus tiotropium bromide improved lung function, dyspnoea, rescue medication use and general health status significantly more than tiotropium bromide alone in patients with moderate to severe COPD. Indacaterol is generally well tolerated when used alone or in combination with tiotropium bromide in patients with COPD and has not been associated with any safety issues. The most common adverse event in clinical trials was COPD worsening, which occurred more commonly with placebo than indacaterol. Indacaterol was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events. In a cost-utility analysis from a German healthcare payer perspective, once-daily indacaterol 150 μg was dominant (i.e. more effective with lower total costs) to once-daily tiotropium bromide 18 μg and twice-daily salmeterol 50 μg in the treatment of patients with COPD. In conclusion, indacaterol provides a valuable option for the maintenance treatment of adults with COPD.
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            Long-acting β-adrenoceptor agonists in the management of COPD: focus on indacaterol

            Bronchodilators are the cornerstone of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment to improve airflow, symptoms, exercise tolerance, and exacerbations. There is convincing evidence that regular treatment with long-acting bronchodilators is more effective and convenient than treatment with short-acting bronchodilators. Long-acting β-2-agonists include the twice-daily drugs formoterol and salmeterol and, more recently, once-daily indacaterol. Studies with head-to-head comparisons of long-acting bronchodilators are scant, but novel data from controlled trials with the once-daily β(2)-agonist indacaterol indicate superior bronchodilation and clinical efficacy of indacaterol at recommended doses over twice-daily long-acting β(2)-agonists, and at least equipotent bronchodilation compared with once-daily tiotropium. The recent therapeutic developments in COPD underscore a shift from short-acting bronchodilators with multiple dosings per day to reduced dosing frequency and prolonged duration of action, including once-daily treatment, with more consistent effects on various clinical outcomes. This review summarizes relevant clinical data for twice-daily β-2-agonists in COPD, and further focuses on novel data for once-daily indacaterol, including head-to-head comparison trials.
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              Author and article information

              Journal
              Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
              Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
              International Journal of COPD
              International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
              Dove Medical Press
              1176-9106
              1178-2005
              2013
              2013
              28 December 2012
              : 8
              : 1-5
              Affiliations
              [1 ]Respiratory Center, Matsusaka Municipal Hospital, Tonomachi
              [2 ]Department of Immunology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
              [3 ]Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
              Author notes
              Correspondence: Esteban C Gabazza, Department of Immunology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, 514-8507, Tsu City, Mie, Japan, Tel +81 592 315 017, Fax +81 592 315 225, Email gabazza@ 123456clin.medic.mie-u.ac.jp
              Article
              copd-8-001
              10.2147/COPD.S38548
              3534442
              23293514
              8dab7f6a-9f44-4eb6-a7b4-90b395fc5d45
              © 2013 Hataji et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd.

              This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.

              History
              Categories
              Original Research

              Respiratory medicine
              chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,indacaterol,long-acting β2-agonist,physical activity

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