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      Estudio sobre los implantes percutáneos de conducción ósea: evolución y resultados de 8 años Translated title: Percutaneous implants of bone conduction: 8-year evolution and results

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: Los implantes de conducción de vía ósea percutáneos son una alternativa a los audífonos convencionales en hipoacusias de transmisión, mixtas y neurosensoriales unilaterales, en pacientes con imposibilidad de usar los primeros. Mediante este estudio analizamos diferentes aspectos de los sistemas osteointegrados en el Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa de Zaragoza (España). Método: Se ha realizado un estudio observacional basado en historias clínicas, incluyendo a los pacientes que han sido implantados con un sistema osteointegrado de tipo percutáneo desde el año 2010. Entre los datos recogidos se valoraron datos demográficos, datos clínicos y analíticos referentes su hipoacusia y complicaciones post-implante entre otros. Resultados: Se han analizado 59 implantes percutáneos; un 44,1% tipo Baha y un 55,9 % tipo Ponto. La indicación audiológica mas frecuente fue la hipoacusia mixta (64,40%). El diagnóstico clínico más frecuente fue la otitis media crónica (83%). La ganancia auditiva funcional de los pacientes implantados debido a hipoacusia de transmisión fue de 26,92 ± 7,65 dB. La técnica quirúrgica más empleada fue el colgajo en U llevada a cabo en el 42,40% pacientes. Se ha objetivado cierta tendencia a la relación en el número de complicaciones y el hecho de realizar una reducción de tejido subcutáneo circundante al implante (p=0,051). Conclusiones: Aunque no se hayan encontrado diferencias significativas, los resultados tanto demográficos, como de indicación de la implantación, la ganancia funcional y las complicaciones son similares a los datos encontrados en la literatura médica.

          Translated abstract

          SUMMARY Background: Percutaneous bone conduction implants are an alternative to alleviate unilateral transmission, mixed and neurosensory hearing loss in patients unable to carry conventional hearing aids. Through this study we analyzed the indications of the osseointegrated systems in the Lozano Blesa Hospital (Zaragoza, Spain), among other aspects. Method: An observational study was carried out based on medical records, including patients who had been implanted with a percutaneous osseointegrated system since 2010. The collected data included demographic information, clinical and analytical data concerning his hearing loss and post-implant complications, among others. Results: 59 percutaneous implants were analyzed; 44.1% Baha type and 55.9% Ponto type. Regarding the audiological indication of the implant, mixed hearing loss was the most frequent cause (64,40%). The most frequent clinical diagnosis was chronic otitis media (83%). The functional hearing gain of the implanted patients due to transmission hearing loss was 26,92 ± 7,65 dB. The most used surgical technique was the U flap carried out in 42.40% patients. It has been observed a tendency between the relationship in the number of complications and the fact of performing a reduction of subcutaneous tissue surrounding the implant (p = 0,051). Discussion and conclusions: Although no significant differences were found, the demographic results, as well as the indication of implantation, functional gain and complications are similar to the data found in the medical literature. However, future studies with a larger number of patients would be convenient.

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          Osseointegrated titanium implants in the temporal bone. A clinical study on bone-anchored hearing aids.

          The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibilities for attaching a new type of direct bone conduction hearing aid. Using a gentle surgical technique, titanium screws were inserted into the temporal bone of fourteen patients suffering from hearing impairment. The implants became integrated with the living bone tissue and have remained so for a follow-up period of, at present, two to four years. It is therefore concluded that titanium implants may be osseointegrated in the temporal bone in a similar manner to that previously described for long bones. The bone-anchored titanium screws were connected to a permanently skin-penetrating abutment, which in turn was used for attachment to a hearing aid. In this way a direct bone conduction without obstructing soft tissue layers is secured. The permanent skin penetration caused no adverse soft tissue effects. The new system has improved pure-tone hearing threshold by about 15 dB. Further research is aimed at the construction of a new hearing aid that is better adapted to the impedance situation existing in the directly bone-anchored cases.
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            The Bonebridge Bone Conduction Hearing Implant: indication criteria, surgery and a systematic review of the literature.

            Hearing aids and implants employing bone conduction (BC) stimulation have a long tradition in the treatment of conductive or mixed hearing loss, with their indications being extended in the 2000s to include single-sided deafness (SSD). Existing percutaneous bone conduction implants (BCI) provide significant audiological gain but are associated with a high rate of complications. This has led to the development of passive transcutaneous BCIs; however, audiological benefit may be compromised. An active transcutaneous BCI, the Bonebridge, was recently introduced and first implanted in 2011 as part of a clinical trial.
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              A meta-analysis of the complications associated with osseointegrated hearing aids.

              To summarize available peer-reviewed literature to describe the range and rate of complications related to osseointegrated hearing aids in adult and pediatric patients. We searched PubMed using the terms bone-anchored hearing aid for articles published in English between 2000 and 2011. We included all articles reporting complications rates, except those that were case reports, general review (not systematic review), or commentary, as well as those that did not include patient outcomes, that reported outcomes associated with nonstandard implantation (e.g., 8.5-mm abutment) or were of poor study or reporting quality. After excluding articles that did not meet criteria, 20 articles were identified, comprising 2,134 patients who underwent a total of 2,310 osseoimplants. Complications reported in the literature were typically minor in nature. Skin reactions from Holgers Grade 2 to 4 ranged from 2.4% to 38.1%. Failure of osseointegration ranged from 0% to 18% in adult and mixed populations, and 0% to 14.3% in pediatric populations. The rate of revision surgery ranges from 1.7% to 34.5% in adult and mixed populations and 0.0% to 44.4% in pediatric patients, whereas the total rate of implant loss ranged from 1.6% to 17.4% in adult and mixed populations and from 0.0% to 25% in pediatric patients. Overall, the quality of large scale and/or prospective studies reporting the incidence of complications after osseointegrated hearing aid surgery is poor and lacks uniformity. However, based on available data, which shows a lack of major complications, osseointegrated implantation is a safe procedure in both adult and pediatric populations. Well-designed, prospective studies with uniform reporting standards would allow greater comparison between techniques and more reliable analysis of complications of osseointegration surgery of the temporal bone for cochlear stimulation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                orl
                Revista ORL
                Rev. ORL
                Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca (Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain )
                2444-7986
                June 2021
                : 12
                : 2
                : 1-9
                Affiliations
                [1] Zaragoza orgnameHospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa orgdiv1Servicio de Otorrinolaringología Spain
                [2] Zaragoza Aragón orgnameUniversidad de Zaragoza orgdiv1Facultad de Veterinaria Spain
                Article
                S2444-79862021000200001 S2444-7986(21)01200200001
                10.14201/orl.23989
                8dbeebed-f340-4c60-94e9-241c633a7f09

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 September 2020
                : 30 September 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículo original

                bone conduction hearing,Baha implant,Ponto implant,bone anchored hearing aid,percutaneous,audiology,audición vía ósea,implante Ponto,implantes de conducción vía ósea,percutáneos,implante Baha,audiología

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