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      Hydroelastic wake on a thin elastic sheet floating on water

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          Abstract

          We investigate the hydroelastic wake created by a perturbation moving at constant speed along a thin elastic sheet floating at the surface of deep water. Using a high-resolution cross-correlation imaging technique, we characterize the waves as a function of the perturbation speed, for different sheet thicknesses. The general theoretical expression for the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves includes three components: gravity, bending and stretching. The bending modulus and the tension in the sheet are independently measured. Excellent agreement is found between the experimental data and the theoretical expression.

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          The hydrodynamics of water strider locomotion.

          David L Hu, Brian Chan, John W M Bush (2003)
          Water striders Gerridae are insects of characteristic length 1 cm and weight 10 dynes that reside on the surface of ponds, rivers, and the open ocean. Their weight is supported by the surface tension force generated by curvature of the free surface, and they propel themselves by driving their central pair of hydrophobic legs in a sculling motion. Previous investigators have assumed that the hydrodynamic propulsion of the water strider relies on momentum transfer by surface waves. This assumption leads to Denny's paradox: infant water striders, whose legs are too slow to generate waves, should be incapable of propelling themselves along the surface. We here resolve this paradox through reporting the results of high-speed video and particle-tracking studies. Experiments reveal that the strider transfers momentum to the underlying fluid not primarily through capillary waves, but rather through hemispherical vortices shed by its driving legs. This insight guided us in constructing a self-contained mechanical water strider whose means of propulsion is analogous to that of its natural counterpart.
          Article 0 comments Cited 158 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The management of fluid and wave resistances by whirligig beetles.

            Jonathan Voise, J. Armando Casas-Mollano (2010)
            Whirligig beetles (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae) are semi-aquatic insects with a morphology and propulsion system highly adapted to their life at the air-water interface. When swimming on the water surface, beetles are subject to both fluid resistance and wave resistance. The purpose of this study was to analyse swimming speed, leg kinematics and the capillarity waves produced by whirligig beetles on the water surface in a simple environment. Whirligig beetles of the species Gyrinus substriatus were filmed in a large container, with a high-speed camera. Resistance forces were also estimated. These beetles used three types of leg kinematics, differing in the sequence of leg strokes: two for swimming at low speed and one for swimming at high speed. Four main speed patterns were produced by different combinations of these types of leg kinematics, and the minimum speed for the production of surface waves (23 cm s(-1)) corresponded to an upper limit when beetles used low-speed leg kinematics. Each type of leg kinematics produced characteristic capillarity waves, even if the beetles moved at a speed below 23 cm s(-1). Our results indicate that whirligig beetles use low- and high-speed leg kinematics to avoid maximum drag and swim at speed corresponding to low resistances.
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              Author and article information

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              Publication date Created: 19 June 2018
              Article
              ArXiV ID: 1806.07472
              SO-VID: 8e15935b-f0c6-44ca-b081-9c1a4b7631be
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              http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

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              Categories physics.flu-dyn cond-mat.soft

              ScienceOpen disciplines: Condensed matter,Thermal physics & Statistical mechanics
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              ScienceOpen disciplines: Condensed matter, Thermal physics & Statistical mechanics

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