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      Bruggmannia chapadensis sp. nov. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a new midge inducing galls on Guapira pernambucensis (Nyctaginaceae) from the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso State, Brazil

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      Zoologia
      Pensoft Publishers

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          Abstract

          Bruggmannia >chapadensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on characters of the larva, pupa and adults of both sexes, from specimens collected in Cerrado areas of Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The new species is characterized by tarsal claws bent at distal 1/3; well-developed empodia, not reaching the bend in claws; cerci rounded; hipoproct shorter than cerci; aedeagus with globose apex; gonostylus semicircular; ovipositor protrusible about 1.4 times longer than sternite 7; pupal antennal bases enlarged, conical, upper facial horns semicircular; prothoracic spiracle short, abdominal segments 2–8 with one row of dorsal spines; larval terminal segment elongate, with four setose terminal papillae. This new species was collected from lenticular leaf galls of Guapirapernambucensis (Casar.) Lundell (Nyctaginaceae). This is the first record of Bruggmannia galls on this plant species. In Brazil, 13 species of Bruggmannia were previously known, none recorded from Mato Grosso.

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          Ocorrência e caracterização de galhas de insetos em áreas de restinga de Bertioga (São Paulo, Brasil)

          Levantamentos de galhas entomógenas em restingas do Estado de São Paulo são muito raros, e a diversidade dos insetos galhadores nessas áreas é completamente desconhecida. Neste estudo, ambientes de restinga foram investigados no município de Bertioga (S.P.), com o objetivo de contribuir para o conhecimento das galhas e da taxonomia dos insetos galhadores nesse Estado. Foram encontrados 233 morfotipos de galha de insetos em 123 espécies de plantas e 48 famílias em áreas de restinga de Bertioga. As Myrtaceae e Asteraceae apresentaram maior número de espécies atacadas (14 e 13, respectivamente) e maior riqueza de galhas (31 e 29, respectivamente). A maioria das galhas (cerca de 60%) ocorreu em folhas. Foram encontradas galhas de Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera e Thysanoptera, sendo a maioria (cerca de 57%) induzida por Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). Em 117 morfotipos de galhas (cerca de 50%), foram detectados outros habitantes: inquilinos; sucessores; predadores e parasitóides. Dentre esses, os parasitóides e os inquilinos foram mais freqüentes. Os parasitóides encontrados pertencem a oito famílias distintas de Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae, Platygastridae, Pteromalidae, Torymidae, Braconidae, Encyrtidae, Mymaridae e Eupelmidae, destacando-se as três primeiras como as mais freqüentes. Os inquilinos encontrados pertencem a cinco ordens de insetos: Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera e Thysanoptera, sendo os Diptera os mais freqüentes.
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            Insect galls of restinga areas of Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

            Insect galls of restinga areas of Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This study carried out an insect gall inventory in restinga areas of Ilha da Marambaia, in the municipality of Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sampling was carried out monthly from April 2010 to March 2011 along the full extension of seven beaches. A total number of 147 gall morphotypes associated with 70 plant species were found, distributed in 33 plant families, and at least 54 genera. Myrtaceae was the botanical family with the highest richness of gall morphotypes and host species, followed by Bignoniaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Sapindaceae, and Malpighiaceae. Most of the gall morphotypes occurred in leaves (78 morphotypes), 38 in stems, 14 in flowers, eight in buds and fruits, and one in adventitious roots. The galling insects belong to the five orders: Diptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, and Thysanoptera. Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) was the most common galling taxon (78 morphotypes), represented by 87 species, being 78 gallers, seven inquilines and two predators. In addition to the gallers, parasitoids, inquilines, and predators were also found.
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              Diversity of insect galls associated with coastal shrub vegetation in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

              ABSTRACT Surveys in the coastal sandy plains (restingas) of Rio de Janeiro have shown a great richness of galls. We investigated the galling insects in two preserved restingas areas of Rio de Janeiro state: Parque Estadual da Costa do Sol and Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Caruara. The collections were done each two months, from June 2011 to May 2012. We investigated 38 points during 45 minutes each per collection. The galls were taken to the laboratory for rearing the insects. A total number of 151 insect galls were found in 82 plant species distributed into 34 botanic families. Most of the galls occurred on leaves and the plant families with the highest richness of galls were Myrtaceae and Fabaceae. All the six insect orders with galling species were found in this survey, where Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) was the main galler group. Hymenoptera and Thysanoptera were found as parasitoids and inquilines in 29 galls. The richness of galls in the surveyed areas reveals the importance of restinga for the composition and diversity of gall-inducing insect fauna.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Zoologia
                Zoologia
                Pensoft Publishers
                1984-4689
                April 17 2018
                April 17 2018
                : 35
                : 1-6
                Article
                10.3897/zoologia.35.e13040
                8e15dc42-524f-489f-b67a-b0a1ea90fb7a
                © 2018

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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