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Abstract
The application of ionic liquids based microwave-assisted extraction (ILMAE) was successfully
developed for extracting three alkaloids N-nornuciferine, O-nornuciferine, and nuciferine
from lotus leaf. Seven kinds of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium with different cations
and anions were investigated in this work and 1.0M 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide
([C(6)MIM]Br) solution was selected as solvent. In addition, the microwave parameters
including irradiation power, extraction time and solid-liquid ratio were optimized.
Compared with the regular MAE and conventional heat-reflux extraction (HRE), the proposed
approach exhibited higher efficiency (0.9-43.7% enhanced) and shorter extraction time
(from 2h to 2min), which indicated ILMAE was an efficient, rapid and simple sample
preparation technique. Moreover, the proposed method was validated by the linearity,
reproducibility, and recovery experiments. Good linearity was observed with the regression
coefficients (r(2)) between 0.9998 and 0.9999. The recoveries of all methods were
in the range of 94.6% and 105.5% with RSD lower than 6.6%, which indicated that the
proposed method was credible.