Environmental assessment of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) purse seine fishery in Portugal with LCA methodology including biological impact categories

Almeida, Cheila; Cabral, Henrique N.; Vaz, Sofia; Ziegler, Friederike

doi:10.1007/s11367-013-0646-5

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Environmental assessment of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) purse seine fishery in Portugal with LCA methodology including biological impact categories

Author(s): Cheila Almeida , Sofia Vaz , Henrique Cabral , Friederike Ziegler

Publication date (Print): September 2013

Journal: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment

Publisher: Springer Nature

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The mean trophic level of the species groups reported in Food and Agricultural Organization global fisheries statistics declined from 1950 to 1994. This reflects a gradual transition in landings from long-lived, high trophic level, piscivorous bottom fish toward short-lived, low trophic level invertebrates and planktivorous pelagic fish. This effect, also found to be occurring in inland fisheries, is most pronounced in the Northern Hemisphere. Fishing down food webs (that is, at lower trophic levels) leads at first to increasing catches, then to a phase transition associated with stagnating or declining catches. These results indicate that present exploitation patterns are unsustainable.