10
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Dietary intake is independently associated with the maximal capacity for fat oxidation during exercise 1 2

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background: Substantial interindividual variability exists in the maximal rate of fat oxidation (MFO) during exercise with potential implications for metabolic health. Although the diet can affect the metabolic response to exercise, the contribution of a self-selected diet to the interindividual variability in the MFO requires further clarification.

          Objective: We sought to identify whether recent, self-selected dietary intake independently predicts the MFO in healthy men and women.

          Design: The MFO and maximal oxygen uptake ( O 2 max) were determined with the use of indirect calorimetry in 305 healthy volunteers [150 men and 155 women; mean ± SD age: 25 ± 6 y; body mass index (BMI; in kg/m 2): 23 ± 2]. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess body composition with the self-reported physical activity level (SRPAL) and dietary intake determined in the 4 d before exercise testing. To minimize potential confounding with typically observed sex-related differences (e.g., body composition), predictor variables were mean-centered by sex. In the analyses, hierarchical multiple linear regressions were used to quantify each variable’s influence on the MFO.

          Results: The mean absolute MFO was 0.55 ± 0.19 g/min (range: 0.19–1.13 g/min). A total of 44.4% of the interindividual variability in the MFO was explained by the O 2 max, sex, and SRPAL with dietary carbohydrate (carbohydrate; negative association with the MFO) and fat intake (positive association) associated with an additional 3.2% of the variance. When expressed relative to fat-free mass (FFM), the MFO was 10.8 ± 3.2 mg · kg FFM −1 · min −1 (range: 3.5–20.7 mg · kg FFM −1 · min −1) with 16.6% of the variability explained by the O 2 max, sex, and SRPAL; dietary carbohydrate and fat intakes together explained an additional 2.6% of the variability. Biological sex was an independent determinant of the MFO with women showing a higher MFO [men: 10.3 ± 3.1 mg · kg FFM −1 · min −1 (3.5–19.9 mg · kg FFM −1 · min −1); women: 11.2 ± 3.3 mg · kg FFM −1 · min −1 (4.6–20.7 mg · kg FFM −1 · min −1); P < 0.05].

          Conclusion: Considered alongside other robust determinants, dietary carbohydrate and fat intake make modest but independent contributions to the interindividual variability in the capacity to oxidize fat during exercise. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02070055.

          Related collections

          Most cited references31

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          A Biometric Study of Human Basal Metabolism.

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            A method to assess energy expenditure in children and adults.

            A variety of studies has a need to estimate the amount and pattern of daily energy expenditure. To this end, a 3-day activity record was developed and is described. Every 15-min period over 3 days, including a weekend day, was qualified in terms of energy cost on a 1 to 9 scale corresponding to a range of 1.0 MET to 7.8 METs and higher. A reliability study of 61 subjects indicated a highly reproducible procedure as shown by an intraclass correlation of 0.96 for mean kcal of energy expenditure over 3 days. Repeatability was unchanged whether or not the hours of sleep were included in the record. Samples of 150 children and 150 adults were also drawn to investigate the relationship between energy expenditure, physical working capacity, and body fatness. Results support the hypothesis that mean energy expenditure per kg of body weight is significantly correlated with physical working capacity expressed per kg of body weight (r = 0.31; p less than 0.01). Mean energy expenditure per kg of body weight is negatively related to body fat (-0.08 less than or equal to r less than or equal to -0.13). It is concluded that the 3-day activity record is a procedure suitable to estimate energy expenditure in population studies.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Limitations in the assessment of dietary energy intake by self-report.

              Development of the doubly-labeled water method has made it possible to test the validity of dietary intake instruments for the measurement of energy intake. Comparisons of measured energy expenditure with energy intake from either weighed or estimated dietary records against energy expenditure have indicated that obese subjects, female endurance athletes, and adolescents underestimate habitual and actual energy intake. Individual underestimates of 50% are not uncommon. Even in non-obese adults, where bias is minimal, the standard deviation for individual errors in energy intake approaches 20%. Two investigations of the validity of self-reported dietary records for measuring change in dietary intake also indicate large underestimates of the actual change. Because of bias and imprecision, self-reported energy intakes should be interpreted with caution unless independent methods of assessing their validity are included in the experimental design.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Am J Clin Nutr
                Am. J. Clin. Nutr
                ajcn
                The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
                American Society for Nutrition
                0002-9165
                1938-3207
                April 2017
                1 March 2017
                1 March 2017
                : 105
                : 4
                : 864-872
                Affiliations
                [3 ]School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
                [4 ]GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom
                Author notes
                [* ]To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: g.a.wallis@ 123456bham.ac.uk .
                [1]

                Supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [Industrial Collaborative Awards in Science and Engineering (United Kingdom) studentship], the industrial partner of which is GlaxoSmithKline. This is an open access article distributed under the CC-BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                [2]

                Supplemental Figures 1 and 2 are available from the “Online Supporting Material” link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at http://ajcn.nutrition.org.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3892-5132
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7312-3226
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1400-0859
                Article
                133520
                10.3945/ajcn.116.133520
                5366043
                28251936
                8f33766a-f6be-43f2-bcf9-87a138e27854

                This is an open access article distributed under the CC-BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                : 27 February 2016
                : 26 January 2017
                Page count
                Pages: 9
                Categories
                Energy and Protein Metabolism

                Nutrition & Dietetics
                health,metabolism,nutrition,physical activity,substrate oxidation
                Nutrition & Dietetics
                health, metabolism, nutrition, physical activity, substrate oxidation

                Comments

                Comment on this article