For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
32
views
63
references
 Top references
cited by
28
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
2 collections
    0
    shares
      55
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      The role of age, gender, mood states and exercise frequency on exercise dependence

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Objectives

          The purpose of our study was to explore the prevalence, and the role of mood, exercise frequency, age, and gender differences of exercise dependence. Methods: Regular exercisers ( N = 409) completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Exercise Dependence Scale, and the Profile of Mood States. For data analyses, the participants were stratified for sex and age (age ranges = young adults: 18–24 years, adults: 25–44 years, and middle-aged adults: 45–64 years). Results: We found that: (a) 4.4% of the participants were classified as at-risk for exercise dependence; (b) the men and the two younger groups (i.e., young adults and adults) had higher exercise dependence scores; and (c) age, gender, exercise frequency, and mood state were related to exercise dependence. Conclusions: Our results support previous research on the prevalence of exercise dependence and reveal that adulthood may be the critical age for developing exercise dependence. These findings have practical implication for identifying individuals at-risk for exercise dependence symptoms, and may aid in targeting and guiding the implementation of prevention program for adults.

          Related collections

          Most cited references63

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Physical Activity and Public Health: Updated Recommendation for Adults From the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association

          William Haskell, I-Min Lee, Russell R. Pate … (2007)
          In 1995 the American College of Sports Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published national guidelines on Physical Activity and Public Health. The Committee on Exercise and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the American Heart Association endorsed and supported these recommendations. The purpose of the present report is to update and clarify the 1995 recommendations on the types and amounts of physical activity needed by healthy adults to improve and maintain health. Development of this document was by an expert panel of scientists, including physicians, epidemiologists, exercise scientists, and public health specialists. This panel reviewed advances in pertinent physiologic, epidemiologic, and clinical scientific data, including primary research articles and reviews published since the original recommendation was issued in 1995. Issues considered by the panel included new scientific evidence relating physical activity to health, physical activity recommendations by various organizations in the interim, and communications issues. Key points related to updating the physical activity recommendation were outlined and writing groups were formed. A draft manuscript was prepared and circulated for review to the expert panel as well as to outside experts. Comments were integrated into the final recommendation. To promote and maintain health, all healthy adults aged 18 to 65 yr need moderate-intensity aerobic (endurance) physical activity for a minimum of 30 min on five days each week or vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity for a minimum of 20 min on three days each week. [I (A)] Combinations of moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity can be performed to meet this recommendation. [IIa (B)] For example, a person can meet the recommendation by walking briskly for 30 min twice during the week and then jogging for 20 min on two other days. Moderate-intensity aerobic activity, which is generally equivalent to a brisk walk and noticeably accelerates the heart rate, can be accumulated toward the 30-min minimum by performing bouts each lasting 10 or more minutes. [I (B)] Vigorous-intensity activity is exemplified by jogging, and causes rapid breathing and a substantial increase in heart rate. In addition, every adult should perform activities that maintain or increase muscular strength and endurance a minimum of two days each week. [IIa (A)] Because of the dose-response relation between physical activity and health, persons who wish to further improve their personal fitness, reduce their risk for chronic diseases and disabilities or prevent unhealthy weight gain may benefit by exceeding the minimum recommended amounts of physical activity. [I (A)]
          Article 0 comments Cited 997 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Limits to the measurement of habitual physical activity by questionnaires.

            R J Shephard (2003)
            Despite extensive use over 40 years, physical activity questionnaires still show limited reliability and validity. Measurements have value in indicating conditions where an increase in physical activity would be beneficial and in monitoring changes in population activity. However, attempts at detailed interpretation in terms of exercise dosage and the extent of resulting health benefits seem premature. Such usage may become possible through the development of standardised instruments that will record the low intensity activities typical of sedentary societies, and will ascribe consistent biological meaning to terms such as light, moderate, and heavy exercise.
            Article 0 comments Cited 393 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Prevalence of the addictions: a problem of the majority or the minority?

              Steve Sussman, Nadra Lisha, Mark Griffiths (2011)
              An increasing number of research studies over the last three decades suggest that a wide range of substance and process addictions may serve similar functions. The current article considers 11 such potential addictions (tobacco, alcohol, illicit drugs, eating, gambling, Internet, love, sex, exercise, work, and shopping), their prevalence, and co-occurrence, based on a systematic review of the literature. Data from 83 studies (each study n = at least 500 subjects) were presented and supplemented with small-scale data. Depending on which assumptions are made, overall 12-month prevalence of an addiction among U.S. adults varies from 15% to 61%. The authors assert that it is most plausible that 47% of the U.S. adult population suffers from maladaptive signs of an addictive disorder over a 12-month period and that it may be useful to think of addictions as due to problems of lifestyle as well as to person-level factors.
              Article 0 comments Cited 176 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Behav Addict
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Behav Addict
                Journal ID (publisher-id): jba
                Title: Journal of Behavioral Addictions
                Publisher: Akadémiai Kiadó
                ISSN (Print): 2062-5871
                ISSN (Electronic): 2063-5303
                Publication date (Print): December 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 October 2013
                Volume: 2
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 216-223 (pp. 216-223)
                Affiliations
                [ 1Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy ]
                [ 2Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, FL, USA ]
                Author notes
                [* ] Corresponding author. Sebastiano Costa Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Messina, Via Bivona, 98122, Messina, Italy E-mail: scosta@ 123456unime.it

                Conflicts of interest: All authors report that they have no conflicts of interest.

                Authors' contribution: SC assisted with generation of the initial draft of the manuscript, data analyses, and manuscript editing, HH assisted with manuscript preparation, manuscript editing, interpretation of data, study design and concept, PO assisted with manuscript preparation, manuscript editing, study design and concept, FC assisted with data analysis, data interpretation, and manuscript editing, RL assisted with data interpretation, manuscript editing, and study supervision. All authors take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. All authors contributed to and have approved the final manuscript.

                Article
                DOI: 10.1556/JBA.2.2013.014
                PMC ID: 4154569
                PubMed ID: 25215203
                SO-VID: 8f388806-de8f-41e3-be26-a044ad90aeb5
                Copyright © Copyright: © 2013 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 27 June 2013
                Date revision received : 03 August 2013
                Date accepted : 05 August 2013
                Related
                The role of age, gender, mood states and exercise frequency on exercise dependence
                Funding
                Funding sources: No financial support was received for this study.
                Categories
                Subject: Full-Length Report

                Keywords: exercise dependence,age,gender,mood states,exercise
                Data availability:
                Keywords: exercise dependence, age, gender, mood states, exercise

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content55

                See all similar

                Cited by28

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors482

                See all reference authors