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      Knowledge and attitude: important components in diabetes education Translated title: Conhecimento e atitudes: componentes para a educação em diabetes Translated title: Conocimiento y actitudes: componentes para la educación en diabetes

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          Abstract

          This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March to November 2007 at a research and community services center of a Brazilian university. It aimed to explore the knowledge and attitude of people with diabetes mellitus who were attending a diabetes self-care education program. The sample was composed of 82 adults with diabetes mellitus. Data were collected through the Portuguese versions of the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKN-A) and the Diabetes Attitude Questionnaire (ATT-19). Results revealed that 78.05% of the participants obtained scores higher than eight on knowledge about diabetes, which indicates they have knowledge and understand the disease. Scores on attitude ranged from 25 to 71 suggesting difficulty in coping with the disease. We conclude that although participants obtained a good score on knowledge, their attitude did not change so as to more adequately cope with the disease.

          Translated abstract

          Estudo transversal, realizado em um centro de pesquisa e extensão universitária brasileiro, no período de março a novembro de 2007. O objetivo foi verificar conhecimentos e atitudes de pessoas com diabetes mellitus que participavam de um programa de educação para o autocuidado em diabetes. Como método usou-se amostra constituída por 82 adultos com diabetes mellitus. Para coleta de dados foram utilizadas versões portuguesas dos questionários Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKN-A) e Diabetes Attitude Questionnaire (ATT-19). Os resultados mostraram que 78,05% tiveram escores superiores a 8 em relação ao conhecimento em diabetes, indicando conhecimento e compreensão acerca da doença. Quanto à atitude, os escores variaram entre 25 e 71 pontos, sugerindo dificuldade no enfrentamento da doença. Conclui-se que, apesar de os participantes terem obtido bom escore para o conhecimento, ainda assim não modificaram a atitude para o enfrentamento mais adequado da doença.

          Translated abstract

          Estudio transversal, realizado en un centro de investigación y extensión universitaria brasileño, en el período de marzo a noviembre de 2007. El objetivo fue verificar conocimientos y actitudes de personas con diabetes mellitus que participaban de un programa de educación en el auto cuidado en diabetes. Como método se usó una muestra constituida por 82 adultos con diabetes mellitus. Para recolección de los datos fueron utilizadas versiones portuguesas de los cuestionarios Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKN-A) y Diabetes Attitude Questionnaire (ATT-19). Los resultados mostraron que 78,05% tuvieron puntajes superiores a 8 en relación al conocimiento en diabetes, indicando conocimiento y comprensión acerca de la enfermedad. En cuanto a la actitud, los puntajes variaron entre 25 y 71 puntos, sugiriendo dificultad en el enfrentamiento de la enfermedad. Se concluye que, a pesar que los participantes obtuvieron un buen puntaje en el conocimiento, todavía así no modificaron la actitud para el enfrentamiento más adecuado de la enfermedad.

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          Effectiveness of interventions to improve patient compliance: a meta-analysis.

          This article summarizes the results of 153 studies published between 1977 and 1994 that evaluated the effectiveness of interventions to improve patient compliance with medical regimens. The compliance interventions were classified by theoretical focus into educational, behavioral, and affective categories within which specific intervention strategies were further distinguished. The compliance indicators broadly represent five classes of compliance-related assessments: (1) health outcomes (eg, blood pressure and hospitalization), (2) direct indicators (eg, urine and blood tracers and weight change), (3) indirect indicators (eg, pill count and refill records), (4) subjective report (eg, patients' or others' reports), and (5) utilization (appointment making and keeping and use of preventive services). An effect size (ES) r, defined as Fisher's Z transformation of the Pearson correlation coefficient, representing the association between each intervention (intervention versus control) and compliance measure was calculated. Both an unweighted and weighted r were calculated because of large sample size variation, and a combined probability across studies was calculated. The interventions produced significant effects for all the compliance indicators (combined Z values more than 5 and less than 32), with the magnitude of effects ranging from small to large. The largest effects (unweighted) were evident for refill records and pill counts and in blood/urine and weight change studies. Although smaller in magnitude, compliance effects were evident for improved health outcomes and utilization. Chronic disease patients, including those with diabetes and hypertension, as well as cancer patients and those with mental health problems especially benefited from interventions. No single strategy or programmatic focus showed any clear advantage compared with another. Comprehensive interventions combining cognitive, behavioral, and affective components were more effective than single-focus interventions.
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            Diabetes patient education: a meta-analysis and meta-regression

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              A systematic review of psychosocial outcomes following education, self-management and psychological interventions in diabetes mellitus.

              Self-management and psychological interventions for diabetes have become increasingly common and have shown some positive impact on glycemic control. The association of such interventions with psychosocial outcomes is however, less clear. The current review examines the impact of these interventions on psychosocial outcomes including depression, anxiety, adjustment and quality of life. A systematic search of the literature was performed on Medline, Embase and Psychlit. Reference lists were screened for studies that met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Studies were coded on outcomes both over time and relative to control groups. In addition studies were classified as being principally educational, self-management or psychological in type, and the different components in the intervention were determined. Thirty-six studies were identified. Detrimental effects were not generally seen following any type of intervention. Depression seemed to be particularly improved following psychological interventions, whilst quality of life improved more following self-management interventions. A number of methodological issues, such as the specificity of measure used, characteristics of the population and type of intervention were however, influential in the impact of interventions on outcomes. It is recommended that future studies would benefit from being larger with controlled designs, using diabetes specific measures and providing clearer descriptions of intervention components. This will allow greater understanding of what contexts different interventions are most suited to, and which components are key to, improving psychological well-being and quality of life.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rlae
                Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem
                Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem
                Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo (, SP, Brazil )
                0104-1169
                1518-8345
                August 2009
                : 17
                : 4
                : 468-473
                Affiliations
                [04] orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto tatiane.martins@ 123456usp.br
                [06] orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto Brazil carlarst@ 123456eerp.usp.br
                [05] orgnameThe University of Kansas United States vdsousa@ 123456uncc.edu
                [03] orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto Brazil masantos@ 123456ffclrp.usp.br
                [02] orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto Brazil zanetti@ 123456eerp.usp.br
                [01] orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto
                Article
                S0104-11692009000400006 S0104-1169(09)01700406
                10.1590/S0104-11692009000400006
                8fcb8f44-ee5a-4b9f-ba24-83f367684351

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 September 2008
                : 14 May 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 18, Pages: 6
                Categories
                Original Articles

                actitud,conocimiento,enfermería,diabetes mellitus,atitude,conhecimento,enfermagem,attitude,knowledge,nursing

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