Objective To understand the personality traits and the effects of personality-informed intervention among obese students in medical colleges, and to provide a scientific basis for better cultivating the healthy personality of medical students.
Methods A total of 3 760 students in the class of 2020 from 5 medical colleges were randomly selected in Shanghai. Obesity was defined according to the National Physical Health Standard for Students. A total of 80 students were divided into experiment and control group (each 40). The experimental group received 6 interpersonal group counseling interventions for 3 months, once every 2 weeks for 120 min, while the control group received no intervention. 16PF test and Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire were used for pre-test and post-test experiment for data analysis.
Results The overall obesity rate of students was 3.30%. Obesity rate of boys (8.07%) was significantly higher than that of girls (1.22%) ( χ=29.03, P<0.01), and obesity rate of rural students (3.72%) was higher than that of urban students (2.30%) (χ 2=41.81, P<0.01). Through psychological intervention, active communication, appropriate refusal, self disclosure in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group ( t=2.48, 3.48, 2.29, P<0.05); the scores of gregariousness, excitement, mental health, adaptation in new environment in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t=2.31, 2.18, 2.10, 2.33, P<0.05), sensitivity and suspicion, concern, tension, adaptation and anxiety were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=−2.20, −2.08, −2.17, −2.20, −2.14, P<0.05).
Conclusion Personality-informed interventionshowed substantial effects on interpersonal communication ability and personality traits among obese college students.
【摘要】 目的 了解医学院校肥胖学生人格特征及心理干预疗效, 为更好地培育医学生健康人格提供科学依据。 方法 分层随机抽取上海市 5 所医学院校 2020 级学生 3 760 名, 按《国家学生体质健康标准》筛査肥胖学生, 对 80 名自愿参与者 分组(实验组与对照组各 40 名), 对照组不作条件处理, 实验组进行为期 3 个月, 每 2 周 1 次, 120 min/次, 共 6 次的人际团 体辅导干预。采用 16PF 和人际交往能力问卷进行前后测数据分析。 结果 学生总体肥胖率 3.30%, 男生肥胖率 (8.07%) 髙于女生 (1.22%) (χ 2=29.03, P<0.01), 农村学生肥胖率 (3.72%) 髙于城市学生 (2.30%) (χ 2=41.81, P<0.01)。心理干预 后, 实验组在主动交往、适当拒绝、自我表露维度均髙于对照组 ( t 值分别为 2.48, 3.48, 2.29, P 值均<0.05), 乐群性、兴奋性、心理健康、新环境中有成长能力个性因素均髙于对照组 ( t 值分别为 2.31, 2.18, 2.10, 2.33, P 值均<0.05), 敏感性、怀疑性、忧虑性、紧张性、适应与焦虑型均低于对照组 ( t 值分别为 −2.20, −2.08, −2.17, −2.20, −2.14, P 值均<0.05)。 结论 人格特 征心理干预效果显著, 可有效提髙肥胖学生的人际沟通能力, 完善其人格品质。