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      Varieties of Analogical Reasoning

      proceedings-article
      ,
      9th Bi-annual International Conference on Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM9) (NDM)
      Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM9)
      23 - 26 June 2009
      Analogy, cognitive research, problem solving, scientific reasoning, computer models
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            Abstract

            Motivation – The purpose of this article is to reinvigorate debate concerning the nature of analogy and broaden the scope of current conceptions of analogy. Research approach – An analysis of the history of the concept of analogy, case studies on the use of analogy in problemsolving, cognitive research on analogy comprehension, and a naturalistic inquiry into the various functions of analogy. Findings and Implications – Psychological theories and computational models have generally relied on: (a) A single set of ontological concepts (a property called “similarity” and a structuralist categorization of types of semantic relations) (b) A single form category (i.e., the classic four-term analogy), and (c) A single set of morphological distinctions (e.g., verbal versus pictorial analogies). The taxonomy presented here distinguishes functional kinds of analogy, each of which presents an opportunity for research on aspects of reasoning that have been largely unrecognized. Originality/Value – The various functional kinds of analogy will each require their own treatment in macrocognitive theories and computational models. Take away message – The naturalistic investigation of the functions of analogy suggests that analogy is a macrocognitive phenomenon derivative of number of supporting processes, including the apperception of resemblances and distinctions, metaphor, and the balancing of semantic flexibility and inference constraint.

            Content

            Author and article information

            Contributors
            Conference
            June 2009
            June 2009
            : 60-66
            Affiliations
            [0001]Institute for Human and Machine Cognition
            Article
            10.14236/ewic/NDM2009.5
            9020da93-6ddf-40d2-92f6-2f72faf5be6a
            © Robert R. Hoffman et al. Published by BCS Learning and Development Ltd. 9th Bi-annual International Conference on Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM9), BCS London

            This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

            9th Bi-annual International Conference on Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM9)
            NDM
            9
            BCS London
            23 - 26 June 2009
            Electronic Workshops in Computing (eWiC)
            Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM9)
            History
            Product

            1477-9358 BCS Learning & Development

            Self URI (article page): https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.14236/ewic/NDM2009.5
            Self URI (journal page): https://ewic.bcs.org/
            Categories
            Electronic Workshops in Computing

            Applied computer science,Computer science,Security & Cryptology,Graphics & Multimedia design,General computer science,Human-computer-interaction
            Analogy,scientific reasoning,cognitive research,computer models,problem solving

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