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      The three meanings of meaning in life: Distinguishing coherence, purpose, and significance

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      The Journal of Positive Psychology
      Informa UK Limited

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          The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life.

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            Making sense of the meaning literature: an integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events.

            Interest in meaning and meaning making in the context of stressful life events continues to grow, but research is hampered by conceptual and methodological limitations. Drawing on current theories, the author first presents an integrated model of meaning making. This model distinguishes between the constructs of global and situational meaning and between "meaning-making efforts" and "meaning made," and it elaborates subconstructs within these constructs. Using this model, the author reviews the empirical research regarding meaning in the context of adjustment to stressful events, outlining what has been established to date and evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of current empirical work. Results suggest that theory on meaning and meaning making has developed apace, but empirical research has failed to keep up with these developments, creating a significant gap between the rich but abstract theories and empirical tests of them. Given current empirical findings, some aspects of the meaning-making model appear to be well supported but others are not, and the quality of meaning-making efforts and meanings made may be at least as important as their quantity. This article concludes with specific suggestions for future research.
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              Goal striving, need satisfaction, and longitudinal well-being: the self-concordance model.

              An integrative model of the conative process, which has important ramifications for psychological need satisfaction and hence for individuals' well-being, is presented. The self-concordance of goals (i.e., their consistency with the person's developing interests and core values) plays a dual role in the model. First, those pursuing self-concordant goals put more sustained effort into achieving those goals and thus are more likely to attain them. Second, those who attain self-concordant goals reap greater well-being benefits from their attainment. Attainment-to-well-being effects are mediated by need satisfaction, i.e., daily activity-based experiences of autonomy, competence, and relatedness that accumulate during the period of striving. The model is shown to provide a satisfactory fit to 3 longitudinal data sets and to be independent of the effects of self-efficacy, implementation intentions, avoidance framing, and life skills.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                The Journal of Positive Psychology
                The Journal of Positive Psychology
                Informa UK Limited
                1743-9760
                1743-9779
                December 14 2015
                January 27 2016
                September 02 2016
                : 11
                : 5
                : 531-545
                Article
                10.1080/17439760.2015.1137623
                90b33697-282c-40bc-8bbc-173d46e234cd
                © 2016
                History

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