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      Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility for 3D-printed stainless steel 316L by selective laser melting

      , , ,
      NPG Asia Materials
      Springer Nature America, Inc

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          Metal Additive Manufacturing: A Review

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            Metastable high-entropy dual-phase alloys overcome the strength-ductility trade-off.

            Metals have been mankind's most essential materials for thousands of years; however, their use is affected by ecological and economical concerns. Alloys with higher strength and ductility could alleviate some of these concerns by reducing weight and improving energy efficiency. However, most metallurgical mechanisms for increasing strength lead to ductility loss, an effect referred to as the strength-ductility trade-off. Here we present a metastability-engineering strategy in which we design nanostructured, bulk high-entropy alloys with multiple compositionally equivalent high-entropy phases. High-entropy alloys were originally proposed to benefit from phase stabilization through entropy maximization. Yet here, motivated by recent work that relaxes the strict restrictions on high-entropy alloy compositions by demonstrating the weakness of this connection, the concept is overturned. We decrease phase stability to achieve two key benefits: interface hardening due to a dual-phase microstructure (resulting from reduced thermal stability of the high-temperature phase); and transformation-induced hardening (resulting from the reduced mechanical stability of the room-temperature phase). This combines the best of two worlds: extensive hardening due to the decreased phase stability known from advanced steels and massive solid-solution strengthening of high-entropy alloys. In our transformation-induced plasticity-assisted, dual-phase high-entropy alloy (TRIP-DP-HEA), these two contributions lead respectively to enhanced trans-grain and inter-grain slip resistance, and hence, increased strength. Moreover, the increased strain hardening capacity that is enabled by dislocation hardening of the stable phase and transformation-induced hardening of the metastable phase produces increased ductility. This combined increase in strength and ductility distinguishes the TRIP-DP-HEA alloy from other recently developed structural materials. This metastability-engineering strategy should thus usefully guide design in the near-infinite compositional space of high-entropy alloys.
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              A study of the microstructural evolution during selective laser melting of Ti–6Al–4V

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                NPG Asia Materials
                NPG Asia Mater
                Springer Nature America, Inc
                1884-4049
                1884-4057
                April 2018
                April 10 2018
                April 2018
                : 10
                : 4
                : 127-136
                Article
                10.1038/s41427-018-0018-5
                90bab3c6-6468-48b3-900c-19d0f9f8d09b
                © 2018

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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