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      Abuso de idosos e o papel dos profissionais de saúde Translated title: Elder abuse and the role of health professionals

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          Abstract

          Objetivos: Analisar a perspetiva dos profissionais de saúde sobre o abuso de idosos e avaliar as dificuldades experienciadas na abordagem deste tipo de casos, concretizando-se, complementarmente, uma revisão de conceitos fundamentais relacionados com esta temática. Fontes de dados: Pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal e OpenAIRE. Foi ainda consultado o Código Deontológico da Ordem dos Médicos, o Código Deontológico dos Enfermeiros, o Código Penal e a informação disponibilizada nos sites da Organização Mundial da Saúde, Direção-Geral da Saúde e Associação Portuguesa de Apoio à Vítima. Métodos de revisão: Pesquisa nas bases de dados através da combinação dos seguintes termos: abuso; maus-tratos; idosos; profissionais de saúde; pessoal de saúde; Portugal. Resultados: Foram selecionados 32 artigos científicos originais, publicados entre 2010 e 2018, disponíveis na sua totalidade em português e/ou inglês, com conteúdos direcionados para os objetivos delineados. Conclusões: A falta de deteção e de adequada orientação, por parte dos profissionais da saúde, de situações abusivas contra as pessoas idosas pode estar associada a défices na formação sobre este tema, sendo crucial melhorar os conteúdos curriculares neste domínio. A formação deve focar as situações que podem ser consideradas abusivas, os sinais e sintomas associados, o contexto em que os abusos podem ocorrer, a legislação existente e as autoridades a que se pode recorrer. Associadamente deve promover-se a consciencialização do público em geral, realçando a importância da deteção precoce e as instituições disponíveis para fornecer apoio aos idosos vulneráveis.

          Translated abstract

          Objectives: Analyze the professionals' perspective on elder abuse and to explore the difficulties they experience in addressing this type of situation. Furthermore, a review was made on some fundamental concepts related to this subject. Data sources: Research in the following databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scientific Repositories of Open Access of Portugal and OpenAIRE. It was also consulted Code of Conduct of the Portuguese Medical Association, Code of Conduct of Nurses, Portuguese Penal Code and the information provided in the websites of the World Health Organization, General-Directorate of Health and the Portuguese Association for Victim Support. Review methods: Database research by combining the following terms: elder abuse; mistreatment; elderly; health professionals; health personnel; health care personnel; Portugal. Results: Thirty-two original scientific articles, published between 2010 and 2018, all of which were available in Portuguese and/or English, with content directed to the proposed objectives. Conclusions: Lacks in detection and management by health professionals of abusive situations against the elderly may be associated with deficits in education on this topic, thus it is crucial to improve curricular content. Training should focus on situations that may be considered abusive, associated signs and symptoms, the context in which abuse may occur, the existing legislation and entities that may provide assistance. In addition, public awareness should be promoted, emphasizing the importance of early detection and identifying institutions that provide support to the vulnerable elderly.

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          Most cited references37

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          Elder Abuse: Systematic Review and Implications for Practice.

          Xin Dong (2015)
          This article is based on the lecture for the 2014 American Geriatrics Society Outstanding Scientific Achievement for Clinical Investigation Award. Elder abuse is a global public health and human rights problem. Evidence suggests that elder abuse is prevalent, predictable, costly, and sometimes fatal. This review will highlight the global epidemiology of elder abuse in terms of its prevalence, risk factors, and consequences in community populations. The global literature in PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, BIOSIS, Science Direct, and Cochrane Central was searched. Search terms included elder abuse, elder mistreatment, elder maltreatment, prevalence, incidence, risk factors, protective factors, outcomes, and consequences. Studies that existed only as abstracts, case series, or case reports or recruited individuals younger than 60; qualitative studies; and non-English publications were excluded. Tables and figures were created to highlight the findings: the most-detailed analyses to date of the prevalence of elder abuse according to continent, risk and protective factors, graphic presentation of odds ratios and confidence intervals for major risk factors, consequences, and practical suggestions for health professionals in addressing elder abuse. Elder abuse is common in community-dwelling older adults, especially minority older adults. This review identifies important knowledge gaps, such as a lack of consistency in definitions of elder abuse; insufficient research with regard to screening; and etiological, intervention, and prevention research. Concerted efforts from researchers, community organizations, healthcare and legal professionals, social service providers, and policy-makers should be promoted to address the global problem of elder abuse.
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            Elder abuse in Portugal: findings from the first national prevalence study.

            In this study, we present findings of the Portuguese national prevalence study, "Aging and Violence," the purpose of which was to estimate the prevalence of abuse and neglect of older people in family settings over a 12-month period and examine the relationship between abuse and sociodemographic and health characteristics. Through a telephone survey of a representative probability sample (N = 1,123), we evaluated 12 abusive behaviors and demographic data. Overall, 12.3% of older adults experienced elder abuse in family settings. The prevalence rates of specific types were as follows: psychological, 6.3%; financial, 6.3%; physical, 2.3%; neglect, 0.4%; and sexual, 0.2%. Logistic regression was employed to determine the relationship between abuse and covariates. The study suggests that education level, age, and functional status are significantly associated with abuse. Accurate estimates of the prevalence of elder abuse and understanding of victim and perpetrator characteristics are fundamental to designing effective strategies for prevention and intervention.
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              Abuse and neglect of older persons in seven cities in seven countries in Europe: a cross-sectional community study.

              We aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of abuse (psychological, physical, sexual, financial, neglect) of older persons (AO) in seven cities from seven countries in Europe (Germany, Greece, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, Spain, Sweden), and to assess factors potentially associated with AO.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rpmgf
                Revista Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar
                Rev Port Med Geral Fam
                Associação Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar (Lisboa, , Portugal )
                2182-5173
                February 2020
                : 36
                : 1
                : 24-34
                Affiliations
                [1] Coimbra orgnameUniversidade de Coimbra orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina
                Article
                S2182-51732020000100004 S2182-5173(20)03600100004
                10.32385/rpmgf.v36i1.12489
                90dcb0ec-ebea-4aea-848d-57167b57dd2d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 September 2018
                : 11 May 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Portugal

                Categories
                Revisões

                Aged,Elder abuse,Health personnel,Portugal,Maus-tratos,Idoso,Pessoal de saúde

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