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      Perceived Listening Difficulties of Adult Cochlear-Implant Users Under Measures Introduced to Combat the Spread of COVID-19

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          Abstract

          Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, public-health measures introduced to stem the spread of the disease caused profound changes to patterns of daily-life communication. This paper presents the results of an online survey conducted to document adult cochlear-implant (CI) users’ perceived listening difficulties under four communication scenarios commonly experienced during the pandemic, specifically when talking: with someone wearing a facemask, under social/physical distancing guidelines, via telephone, and via video call. Results from ninety-four respondents indicated that people considered their in-person listening experiences in some common everyday scenarios to have been significantly worsened by the introduction of mask-wearing and physical distancing. Participants reported experiencing an array of listening difficulties, including reduced speech intelligibility and increased listening effort, which resulted in many people actively avoiding certain communication scenarios at least some of the time. Participants also found listening effortful during remote communication, which became rapidly more prevalent following the outbreak of the pandemic. Potential solutions identified by participants to ease the burden of everyday listening with a CI may have applicability beyond the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, the results emphasized the importance of visual cues, including lipreading and live speech-to-text transcriptions, to improve in-person and remote communication for people with a CI.

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          The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence

          Summary The December, 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak has seen many countries ask people who have potentially come into contact with the infection to isolate themselves at home or in a dedicated quarantine facility. Decisions on how to apply quarantine should be based on the best available evidence. We did a Review of the psychological impact of quarantine using three electronic databases. Of 3166 papers found, 24 are included in this Review. Most reviewed studies reported negative psychological effects including post-traumatic stress symptoms, confusion, and anger. Stressors included longer quarantine duration, infection fears, frustration, boredom, inadequate supplies, inadequate information, financial loss, and stigma. Some researchers have suggested long-lasting effects. In situations where quarantine is deemed necessary, officials should quarantine individuals for no longer than required, provide clear rationale for quarantine and information about protocols, and ensure sufficient supplies are provided. Appeals to altruism by reminding the public about the benefits of quarantine to wider society can be favourable.
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            The qualitative content analysis process.

            This paper is a description of inductive and deductive content analysis. Content analysis is a method that may be used with either qualitative or quantitative data and in an inductive or deductive way. Qualitative content analysis is commonly used in nursing studies but little has been published on the analysis process and many research books generally only provide a short description of this method. When using content analysis, the aim was to build a model to describe the phenomenon in a conceptual form. Both inductive and deductive analysis processes are represented as three main phases: preparation, organizing and reporting. The preparation phase is similar in both approaches. The concepts are derived from the data in inductive content analysis. Deductive content analysis is used when the structure of analysis is operationalized on the basis of previous knowledge. Inductive content analysis is used in cases where there are no previous studies dealing with the phenomenon or when it is fragmented. A deductive approach is useful if the general aim was to test a previous theory in a different situation or to compare categories at different time periods.
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              A Longitudinal Study on the Mental Health of General Population during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China

              Highlights • A significant reduction in psychological impact 4 weeks after COVID outbreak. • The mean scores of respondents in both surveys were above PTSD cut-offs. • Female gender, physical symptoms associated with a higher psychological impact. • Hand hygiene, mask-wearing & confidence in doctors reduced psychological impact. • Online trauma-focused psychotherapy may be helpful to public during COVID-19.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Trends Hear
                Trends Hear
                TIA
                sptia
                Trends in Hearing
                SAGE Publications (Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA )
                2331-2165
                19 April 2022
                Jan-Dec 2022
                : 26
                : 23312165221087011
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Ringgold 574111, universityNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre; , Nottingham, UK
                [2 ]Hearing Sciences, Division of Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Ringgold 6123, universityUniversity of Nottingham; , Nottingham, UK
                [3 ]Ringgold 9820, universityNottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust; , Nottingham, UK
                [4 ]National Acoustic Laboratories, Sydney, Australia
                Author notes
                [*]Francisca Perea Pérez, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Hearing Sciences, Division of Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom. Email: f.pereaperez@ 123456gmail.com
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-9528
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8383-5318
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4613-8462
                Article
                10.1177_23312165221087011
                10.1177/23312165221087011
                9024163
                35440245
                90ea75c0-fb6f-4efe-95d0-43361704a40d
                © The Author(s) 2022

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

                History
                : 18 May 2021
                : 17 February 2022
                : 24 February 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre;
                Award ID: BRC-1215-20003
                Funded by: Royal National Institute for Deaf People, FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/501100020172;
                Award ID: S53
                Categories
                Original Article
                Custom metadata
                ts19
                January-December 2022

                cochlear implants,covid-19,listening difficulties,facemasks,social distancing,remote communication,visual cues

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