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      RNA polymerase II pausing and transcriptional regulation of the HSP70 expression.

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          Abstract

          Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) belong to the chaperone protein family whose expression is induced by different stresses including heat-shock. In response to the extracellular or intrinsic stimuli and stresses, HSPs play important roles in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. HSP70, a major HSP protein (molecular weight, 70 KDa), regulates diverse cellular pathways including protein quality control, translation, immune response, and cancer survival. As a critical cellular defense system to minimize damages from cellular stresses, HSP70 expression and transcriptional activation are rapidly regulated, mainly through the action of a transcription activator, Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). Eukaryotic HSP70 genes are well-characterized; they utilize a transcriptional mechanism termed as RNA polymerase II (Pol II) promoter-proximal pausing. Pol II promoter-proximal pausing enables synchronized gene expression in a number of mammalian protein-coding and non-protein coding genes upon the reception of gene activating signals. In particular, Drosophila and human HSP70 genes serve as a bona fide model system to understand the mechanisms of Pol II pausing and pause release. In this review, we will discuss HSP70 transcription and the newly discovered mechanisms that regulate HSP70 gene expression.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Eur. J. Cell Biol.
          European journal of cell biology
          Elsevier BV
          1618-1298
          0171-9335
          Dec 2017
          : 96
          : 8
          Affiliations
          [1 ] School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80-Dae-hak-ro, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hbunch@knu.ac.kr.
          Article
          S0171-9335(17)30151-6
          10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.09.003
          29017815
          90f38579-b355-42ba-a607-ea21d9b7bbcb
          History

          RNA polymerase II promoter-proximal pausing,HSF1,Gene expression,HSP70,Transcriptional regulation

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