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      Tumeurs bénignes du sein à l’unité de sénologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar (Sénégal) Translated title: Benign tumors of the breast in the department of senology at the University Hospital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar (Senegal)

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          L'objectif était d'identifier les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques des tumeurs bénignes du sein suivies à l'unité de sénologie du centre hospitalier universitaire Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar.

          Méthodes

          Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique, portant sur 220 patientes suivies à l'unité de sénologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar durant la période allant du 1 er janvier 2008 au 31 décembre 2013.

          Résultats

          Deux cent vingt patientes parmi 984 consultantes présentaient une tumeur bénigne du sein (22,5%). Les tumeurs bénignes du sein représentaient 58,2% de la pathologie tumorale. L'âge moyen était de 24 ans. La tranche d'âge de 11 à 30 ans était la plus représentée soit 70%. La quasi-totalité était en âge d'activité génitale (95%), 58,6% étaient nulligestes. Le motif principal de consultation était une masse mammaire dans 94,5% des cas. Le côté gauche était le plus souvent concerné (49,5%) surtout au quadrant supéro-externe (41,6%). L'échographie était réalisée chez 145 patientes soit 65,9 % des cas. La cytologie retrouvait une hyperplasie épithélio-conjonctive dans la quasi-totalité des cas soit 96,1%. L'histologie réalisée chez 44 femmes confirmait la nature histologique des lésions. L'adénofibrome et les états fibro-kystiques étaient les diagnostics les plus retenus avec respectivement 86,3% et 5,9%. Une tumorectomie a été réalisée chez 28 patientes soit 12,7%, toutes tumeurs confondues. La majorité était suivie sur une durée inférieure à 3 mois avec une évolution favorable de la maladie.

          Conclusion

          Les tumeurs bénignes du sein sont très fréquentes à en consultation de sénologie. La démarche diagnostique recommandée associe la triade clinico-radio-cytologique et, en cas de doute ou de discordance, une biopsie ou exérèse chirurgicale est incontournable. La prise en charge pas toujours chirurgicale, est fonction de la nature de la tumeur.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction

          This study aimed to identify the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of benign tumors of the breast treated in the department of senology at the university hospital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar.

          Methods

          We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of 220 patients treated in the Department of Senology at the University Hospital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar over the period from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2013.

          Results

          220 patients out of 984 consultants had benign tumor of the breast (22.5%). Benign tumors of the breast accounted for 58.2% of tumor pathologies. The average age was 24 years. The age group 11-30 years was the most represented (70%). The quasi-totality of patients were women of childbearing age (95%), 58.6% were nulliparous women. The main reason for consultation was a breast mass in 94.5% of cases. The left side was most often affected (49.5%), especially the upper outer quadrant (41.6%). 145 patients (65.9% of cases) underwent ultrasound. Cytologic examination showed conjunctival epithelial hyperplasia in almost all cases (96.1%). 44 women underwent histologic examination, which confirmed the histologic nature of the lesions. Fibroadenoma and fibrocystic changes were the most retained diagnoses, accounting for 86.3% and 5.9% respectively. 28 patients (12.7%) underwent lumpectomy, all tumor types were taken together. The majority of patients had follow-up appointments within 3 months, with favorable outcome.

          Conclusion

          Benign tumors are very frequent in senology consultations. The recommended diagnostic approach combines the clinico-radio-cytological triad and, in case of doubt or discrepancy, biopsy or surgical resection are essential. Surgery is not always the treatment of choice. This is based on the nature of the tumor.

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          Most cited references17

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          Ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted, percutaneous excision of breast lesions: an accurate technique in the diagnosis of atypical ductal hyperplasia.

          In October 2002, ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted, percutaneous excision was shown to facilitate the complete removal of benign breast lesions up to 3 cm in diameter. This study was performed to ascertain the overall accuracy of ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted, percutaneous excision as evidenced by the frequency of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) underestimation. A retrospective review was conducted of 542 consecutive ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted breast biopsies performed between February 2000 and September 2004. Before July 2002, no attempt was made to completely remove all imaged lesion evidence. After July 2002, all patients underwent complete percutaneous excision of all imaged lesion evidence. Pathology review revealed 52 lesions that demonstrated ADH and no evidence of malignancy. Each patient with this diagnosis was offered surgical excision. Pathologic reports for each group were compared with the subsequent open surgical specimens. Of 542 consecutively diagnosed lesions, 52 displayed ADH with no evidence of malignancy (10%). Five patients refused operation. Of the 47 patients who underwent open excision, 6 (13%) were found to have malignancies. The rate of ADH underestimation was 6 of 18 (33%) in incisional biopsies and 0 of 29 performed with complete imaged lesion evidence (p=0.002). The rate of ADH underestimation in women who underwent ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted, percutaneous excision was zero, a result equivalent to open surgical biopsy. ADH is a more common finding in sonographic lesions than has been previously reported. Complete ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted, percutaneous excision is more accurate than nonexcisional ultrasound-guided biopsy. Patients so diagnosed have very low underestimation rates and may not require open surgical reexcision.
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            Nonmalignant lesions in breast core needle biopsies: to excise or not to excise?

            Large core needle biopsies using stereotactic mammography or ultrasound guidance are now commonly performed as the initial diagnostic approach to nonpalpable breast lesions. Although the subsequent management of patients with invasive cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ, and most benign lesions diagnosed on core needle biopsy specimens is straightforward, certain nonmalignant lesions pose dilemmas with regard to the most appropriate clinical management following core needle biopsy. The purpose of this article is to review the available data regarding several nonmalignant breast lesions, which when encountered in core needle biopsy specimens raise repeated management questions. These include atypical ductal hyperplasia, lobular neoplasia (atypical lobular hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ), papillary lesions, radial scars, fibroepithelial lesions, mucocele-like lesions, and columnar cell lesions.
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              ABERRATIONS OF NORMAL DEVELOPMENT AND INVOLUTION (ANDI): A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON PATHOGENESIS AND NOMENCLATURE OF BENIGN BREAST DISORDERS

              A framework for understanding and management of benign breast disorders is presented, based on the notion that most breast complaints can be explained as minor aberrations of the normal processes of development, cyclical change, and involution. The generic term ANDI (aberrations of normal development and involution) is introduced to allow breast problems to be placed within an overall framework of pathogenesis; this concept also permits more detailed individual assessment with respect to normality and disease. Fibrocystic disease and its synonyms are discarded in favour of terms that are strictly descriptive of the clinical and/or histological picture.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pan Afr Med J
                Pan Afr Med J
                PAMJ
                The Pan African Medical Journal
                The African Field Epidemiology Network
                1937-8688
                04 August 2017
                2017
                : 27
                : 251
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Unité de Sénologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar, Sénégal
                Author notes
                [& ]Corresponding author: Serigne Modou Kane Gueye, Unité de Sénologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar, Sénégal
                Article
                PAMJ-27-251
                10.11604/pamj.2017.27.251.12262
                5660302
                9185f328-19f7-4c78-a807-b0fd879a0081
                © Serigne Modou Kane Gueye et al.

                The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 14 March 2017
                : 26 June 2017
                Categories
                Research

                Medicine
                tumeurs bénignes du sein,épidémiologie,traitement,sénégal,benign tumors of the breast,epidemiology,treatment,senegal

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