Optimal modes of mind-body exercise for treating chronic non-specific low back pain: Systematic review and network meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background

There were limited studies that directly compare the outcomes of various mind-body exercise (MBE) therapies on chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP).

Objectives

To compare the efficacy of the four most popular MBE modes [Pilates, Yoga, Tai Chi (TC), and Qigong] in clinically CNLBP patients, we conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods

We searched databases for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (from origin to July 2022). RCTs were eligible if they included adults with CNLBP, and implemented one or more MBE intervention arms using Pilates, yoga, TC, and qigong. In addition, pain intensity and physical function were evaluated using validated questionnaires.

Results

NMA was carried out on 36 eligible RCTs involving 3,050 participants. The effect of exercise therapy on pain was in the following rankings: Pilates [Surface under cumulative ranking (SUCRA) = 86.6%], TC (SUCRA = 77.2%), yoga (SUCRA = 67.6%), and qigong (SUCRA = 64.6%). The effect of exercise therapy on function: Pilates (SUCRA = 98.4%), qigong (SUCRA = 61.6%,), TC (SUCRA = 59.5%) and yoga (SUCRA = 59.0%).

Conclusion

Our NMA shows that Pilates might be the best MBE therapy for CNLBP in pain intensity and physical function. TC is second only to Pilates in improving pain in patients with CNLBP and has the value of promotion. In the future, we need more high-quality, long-term follow-up RCTs to confirm our findings.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=306905, identifier: CRD42022306905.

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The PRISMA statement is a reporting guideline designed to improve the completeness of reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Authors have used this guideline worldwide to prepare their reviews for publication. In the past, these reports typically compared 2 treatment alternatives. With the evolution of systematic reviews that compare multiple treatments, some of them only indirectly, authors face novel challenges for conducting and reporting their reviews. This extension of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) statement was developed specifically to improve the reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses. A group of experts participated in a systematic review, Delphi survey, and face-to-face discussion and consensus meeting to establish new checklist items for this extension statement. Current PRISMA items were also clarified. A modified, 32-item PRISMA extension checklist was developed to address what the group considered to be immediately relevant to the reporting of network meta-analyses. This document presents the extension and provides examples of good reporting, as well as elaborations regarding the rationale for new checklist items and the modification of previously existing items from the PRISMA statement. It also highlights educational information related to key considerations in the practice of network meta-analysis. The target audience includes authors and readers of network meta-analyses, as well as journal editors and peer reviewers.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Jian Shi: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1850873/overview

Zheng-Yu Hu: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1738000/overview

Yu-Rong Wen: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1850413/overview

Yang-Yang Lin: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/934439/overview

Yu-Ling Wang: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/917899/overview

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Neurosci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Neurosci

Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Neurosci.

Title: Frontiers in Neuroscience

Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.

ISSN (Print): 1662-4548

ISSN (Electronic): 1662-453X

Publication date (Electronic): 17 November 2022

Publication date Collection: 2022

Volume: 16

Electronic Location Identifier: 1046518

Affiliations

[1] ¹College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University , Shenyang, China

[2] ²Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China

[3] ³Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport , Shanghai, China

[4] ⁴Postgraduate Research Institute, Guangzhou Sport University , Guangzhou, China

Author notes

Edited by: Min Fang, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China

Reviewed by: Zhizhen Lv, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China; Haili Ding, Chengdu Sport University, China; Zhongzheng Li, Jishou University, China

*Correspondence: Yu-Ling Wang wangyul@ 123456mail.sysu.edu.cn

This article was submitted to Translational Neuroscience, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience

†These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship

Article

DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1046518

PMC ID: 9713308

PubMed ID: 36466167

SO-VID: 91e2a449-68de-436a-a4ba-5ef7b73b274f

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

History

Date received : 16 September 2022

Date accepted : 31 October 2022

Page count

Figures: 9, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 100, Pages: 16, Words: 10925

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