38
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Transdiagnostic commonalities and differences in resting state functional connectivity of the default mode network in schizophrenia and major depression

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Schizophrenia and depression are prevalent psychiatric disorders, but their underlying neural bases remains poorly understood. Neuroimaging evidence has pointed towards the relevance of functional connectivity aberrations in default mode network (DMN) hubs, dorso-medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus, in both disorders, but commonalities and differences in resting state functional connectivity of those two regions across disorders has not been formally assessed. Here, we took a transdiagnostic approach to investigate resting state functional connectivity of those two regions in 75 patients with schizophrenia and 82 controls from 4 scanning sites and 102 patients with depression and 106 controls from 3 sites. Our results demonstrate common dysconnectivity patterns as indexed by a significant reduction of functional connectivity between precuneus and bilateral superior parietal lobe in schizophrenia and depression. Furthermore, our findings highlight diagnosis-specific connectivity reductions of the parietal operculum in schizophrenia relative to depression. In light of evidence that points towards the importance of the DMN for social cognitive abilities and well documented impairments of social interaction in both patient groups, it is conceivable that the observed transdiagnostic connectivity alterations may contribute to interpersonal difficulties, but this could not be assessed directly in our study as measures of social behavior were not available. Given the operculum's role in somatosensory integration, diagnosis-specific connectivity reductions may indicate a pathophysiological mechanism for basic self-disturbances that is characteristic of schizophrenia, but not depression.

          Highlights

          • Social impairments are well known in schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD).

          • We investigated resting state functional connectivity of the default mode network in both patient groups.

          • Results demonstrate common fMRI dysconnectivity patterns of precuneus and superior parietal lobe.

          • Findings also highlight diagnosis-specific dysconnectivity of the parietal operculum in SCZ.

          • Transdiagnostic connectivity alterations may contribute to the social difficulties of both patient groups.

          Related collections

          Most cited references55

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          An improved framework for confound regression and filtering for control of motion artifact in the preprocessing of resting-state functional connectivity data.

          Several recent reports in large, independent samples have demonstrated the influence of motion artifact on resting-state functional connectivity MRI (rsfc-MRI). Standard rsfc-MRI preprocessing typically includes regression of confounding signals and band-pass filtering. However, substantial heterogeneity exists in how these techniques are implemented across studies, and no prior study has examined the effect of differing approaches for the control of motion-induced artifacts. To better understand how in-scanner head motion affects rsfc-MRI data, we describe the spatial, temporal, and spectral characteristics of motion artifacts in a sample of 348 adolescents. Analyses utilize a novel approach for describing head motion on a voxelwise basis. Next, we systematically evaluate the efficacy of a range of confound regression and filtering techniques for the control of motion-induced artifacts. Results reveal that the effectiveness of preprocessing procedures on the control of motion is heterogeneous, and that improved preprocessing provides a substantial benefit beyond typical procedures. These results demonstrate that the effect of motion on rsfc-MRI can be substantially attenuated through improved preprocessing procedures, but not completely removed. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            A dual-networks architecture of top-down control.

            Complex systems ensure resilience through multiple controllers acting at rapid and slower timescales. The need for efficient information flow through complex systems encourages small-world network structures. On the basis of these principles, a group of regions associated with top-down control was examined. Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed that each region had a specific combination of control signals; resting-state functional connectivity grouped the regions into distinct 'fronto-parietal' and 'cingulo-opercular' components. The fronto-parietal component seems to initiate and adjust control; the cingulo-opercular component provides stable 'set-maintenance' over entire task epochs. Graph analysis showed dense local connections within components and weaker 'long-range' connections between components, suggesting a small-world architecture. The control systems of the brain seem to embody the principles of complex systems, encouraging resilient performance.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Psychosis as a state of aberrant salience: a framework linking biology, phenomenology, and pharmacology in schizophrenia.

              The clinical hallmark of schizophrenia is psychosis. The objective of this overview is to link the neurobiology (brain), the phenomenological experience (mind), and pharmacological aspects of psychosis-in-schizophrenia into a unitary framework. Current ideas regarding the neurobiology and phenomenology of psychosis and schizophrenia, the role of dopamine, and the mechanism of action of antipsychotic medication were integrated to develop this framework. A central role of dopamine is to mediate the "salience" of environmental events and internal representations. It is proposed that a dysregulated, hyperdopaminergic state, at a "brain" level of description and analysis, leads to an aberrant assignment of salience to the elements of one's experience, at a "mind" level. Delusions are a cognitive effort by the patient to make sense of these aberrantly salient experiences, whereas hallucinations reflect a direct experience of the aberrant salience of internal representations. Antipsychotics "dampen the salience" of these abnormal experiences and by doing so permit the resolution of symptoms. The antipsychotics do not erase the symptoms but provide the platform for a process of psychological resolution. However, if antipsychotic treatment is stopped, the dysregulated neurochemistry returns, the dormant ideas and experiences become reinvested with aberrant salience, and a relapse occurs. The article provides a heuristic framework for linking the psychological and biological in psychosis. Predictions of this hypothesis, particularly regarding the possibility of synergy between psychological and pharmacological therapies, are presented. The author describes how the hypothesis is complementary to other ideas about psychosis and also discusses its limitations.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Neuroimage Clin
                Neuroimage Clin
                NeuroImage : Clinical
                Elsevier
                2213-1582
                02 December 2015
                2016
                02 December 2015
                : 10
                : 326-335
                Affiliations
                [a ]Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
                [b ]Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
                [c ]Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
                [d ]Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
                [e ]Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
                [f ]Department of Psychiatry, Technical University Munich, Germany
                [g ]Divison of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, France
                [h ]UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, Netherlands
                [i ]Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author at: Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80803 Munich, Germany.Max-Planck Institute of PsychiatryKraepelinstr. 2-10Munich80803Germany leonhard_schilbach@ 123456psych.mpg.de
                [1]

                These authors contributed equally.

                Article
                S2213-1582(15)30038-3
                10.1016/j.nicl.2015.11.021
                4724692
                26904405
                92053c96-050e-4035-9fca-ca7c7d23390a
                © 2015 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 17 September 2015
                : 26 November 2015
                : 29 November 2015
                Categories
                Review Article

                transdiagnostic analysis,resting state functional connectivity,fmri,default mode network,schizophrenia,major depression

                Comments

                Comment on this article